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In message <[email protected]
il.com>, Douglas Foster <[email protected]> writes

>    A DKIM signature acts like a notary public, "This person, who is 
>    well known to me, can be reliably associated with this document."

no it doesn't -- it says ... I (as identified by this key) had sight of
this email and was able to alter it

>    Signing works for DMARC only when the DKIM signer has actually 
>    validated the entity before adding the signature.

signing works for DMARC because of alignment ... nothing else

>    I know of no discussion 
>    about how a gateway authenticates its clients and how an evaluator 
>    knows that the signature was applied to an authenticated message.

that's outwith the DKIM/DMARC model

>    This is relevant for at least Outlook.com.   It does not enforce SPF 
>    on incoming messages, but does assume that the incoming identity is 
>    valid.   It then adds a signature for the purported client, using 
>    either "<clientproxy>.onmicrosoft.com" or the actual client domain, 
>    depending on the client's DNS configuration.   This can produce 
>    false DMARC Pass, sometimes with Dual Authentication. This attack 
>    strategy has been observed in the wild.

there is a great deal of mail coming from large systems which has a
DMARC pass and does not actually come from where it purports to...

[snip]

>    More generally, a message should only be considered DMARC-validated 
>    if it can be validated at every organization change.  There are 
>    many obstacles to making that determination.  ARC is clearly part 
>    of the solution.

I would agree that ARC is required (along with trust in the entity that
added the ARC headers) when messages have been altered since they were
originally created... I don't think it is a general solution to dealing
with the failings of SPF

- -- 
richard                                                   Richard Clayton

Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary 
Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Benjamin Franklin 11 Nov 1755

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