That's an interesting use case, and I think it deserves more exposition.  To 
me, it raises questions like
* How did the client get configured to use the specified URI template in the 
first place?

Hopefully some process defined by the working group but right now perhaps it’s 
from an auto-upgrade list in the client.

* Why should the client use the CPE resolver instead of the central resolver, 
if they are administered by the same entity?

The idea would be that some process as yet undefined gives the URI template to 
the client but assuming we want to be able to change the template to support 
differential services possibly changing with time of day eg (malware filtering, 
no filtering, security monitored etc) plus…


  1.  First mile latency often accounts for >90% of total latency with many 
home connections so even with a slow CPE cache its faster than going to a 
central service.
  2.  DoH creates a large connection count issue which you can throw compute 
and other hardware at to solve but its far easier to reduce it where possible 
eg reduce the many clients to 1 connection from each CPE to the DoH service. 
Far easier to scale. To give an idea there is often >10 devices per network 
service if each connects once you have a problem if it’s actually ~5 clients 
per device then we have to handle x50 connections. A reasonable sized ISP might 
be worried about supporting 100,000,000’s of stateful connections instead of 
1,000,000’s of nearly stateless requests. (likely overestimating but it’s not 
hard to get to huge numbers if lots of people, devices and clients use DoH)
  3.  If the customer wants it, the CPE resolver can chose different settings 
on a per-device basis at the CPE. Yes you can configure different URLs in the 
clients but that’s hard to get customers to do right. Especially if you have to 
do it to each application separately.
  4.  Caching at the CPE reduces upstream resolver load by quite a lot more 
than you might imagine not actually a big problem but it’s nice to avoid adding 
compute if there is a cheaper solution trivially available.

* How does the server know which CPE to redirect the client to?

I’m are assuming here that this is an ISP running both elements so knowing how 
to map the incoming IP to the name its currently using / was told to use is 
relatively trivial.

* What are the trust properties of a certificate stored on the CPE?

You got me ! This is the one thing that has me staring hard at a sheet of paper 
full of crossed out ideas. One mistake and you might as well run over an 
unencrypted connection. Getting a signed certificate is easy. Ensuring no-one 
connected to the CPE can’t get a certificate for the same name is somewhat of a 
challenge. Avoiding storing such a cert and key on the flash is possible with 
some provisioning action at connection time.

Alister.
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