re:

I have the following written in XML  spy, but it gives me the error: "This
file is not well-formed: <!ELEMENT  expected."

<?xml version="1.0"  encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE book� PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook  XML V4.1.2//EN"
 "c:\manav\docbook\dtd\docbookx.dtd"
  <!ENTITY manav "Manavendra  Gupta">
  <!ENTITY manavemail "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"> ��<!ENTITY  alex "Alex
Russell">
  <!ENTITY alexemail "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"> ��<!ENTITY  alexemail2
"[EMAIL PROTECTED]"> ]>
<book>

</book>

Looks like you are missing an open-square bracket before the first entity
declaration. Also watch out for spurious characters which Spy's editor
window shows as whitespace, but which cause parser validation errors.

The following validates for me in XMLSpy 5 (I'm using simplified DocBook
though, hence have hacked dtd filename and replaced <book> with <article>):

<?xml version="1.0"  encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC
 "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
 "sdocbook.dtd" [
<!ENTITY manav "Manavendra Gupta">
<!ENTITY manavemail "[EMAIL PROTECTED]">
<!ENTITY alex "Alex Russell">
<!ENTITY alexemail "[EMAIL PROTECTED]">
<!ENTITY alexemail2 "[EMAIL PROTECTED]">
]>
<article>
<para>Hello &manav;</para>
</article>

Rob.





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