Hi Terry,

> I didn't realise that you wanted me to unplug it again.

I didn't realise that you weren't reading my words.  :-)

    You carry out two actions above and I wanted before plugging it in
    for the first time since boot, during the time it is plugged in, and
    after it is unplugged.  The last will show if things have returned
    to boot-stage `normal' or whether something lingers.

Before eth0's cable in plugged in, and after it's unplugged, are the
same:

    unicast default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth1 proto boot scope global src 
192.168.1.15 metric 203
    unicast 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.15 
metric 203

During eth0 being plugged in the routing table gains

    unicast default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 proto boot scope global src 
192.168.0.9 metric 202
    unicast 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.9 
metric 202

This means you have two default routes.  The default route is the one to
take when none of the other routes match.  When more than one route
matches, because they have the same specificity, then the one with the
lowest metric wins, here 202.

You originally said

    The problem is that when I plug the cable into eth0 nothing is
    routed to anywhere.  As soon as I unplug it, the path to the
    Internet is restored.

I think your diagram boils down to

    Internet
    office-router
        192.168.1.15  eth
            Ethernet and mains-wiring
        192.168.1.15  eth1  USB/Ethernet adaptor
    Raspberry Pi 3
        192.168.0.9  eth0  built-in Ethernet
            Cat 5
        192.168.0.1  eth
    outdoor-wap  DHCP-server 192.168.0.10-200
    customer-mobile

If you're on the Pi trying to ping 8.8.8.8 with eth0 plugged in, giving
the winning metric-202 default route, then your packet is going to
travel out of eth0 addressed to outdoor-wap's 192.168.0.1-interface's
Ethernet address.  That seems the first odd thing to investigate.

Cheers, Ralph.

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