In a message dated 2/27/02 7:32:56 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:

>Perhaps your 1 amp supply connected for a longer period
>would stir things up enough. 

NO!!!!!!  DO NOT DO THIS!!!  I've been following the thread....lemme get on 
my soapbox quickly. 

Dendritic growth int the chemical medium of nickel cadmium batteries is well 
documented.  Some success with a REVERSE "tap" of 2x/3x cell voltage @ 5x 
rated max amperage has been reported.  Please note we're talking milliseconds 
here....NOT minutes.  The high amperage reverse "burst" seems to "snip" the 
dendrites.  They will eventually regrow, but for the moment.....the cell will 
hold a usable charge.

The forward (standard "charge" position") connection is more commonly 
attempted, as it is easier to do with a quantity of cells.  Voltage needs to 
be  around 2-3x and amperage in the 10A+ range (you're looking for a quick 
"pop" instead of a hard minutes-long connection).  It is less successful but 
does work.

The problems.  Well, where do I start?  Fire/damage/injury from a burst cell. 
 Burns from the cabling (you DON'T use light wire for this trick).  Damage to 
the other cells when trying this with a multicell pack.  If there is an 
internal ROM for S/N, the possiblilty of damage to it (i.e., don't try this 
on the "intelligent batteries" from the 520/540 series unless you're right on 
the individual cell). ALSO.....Apple batteries have (as do most packs) an 
overload sensor which will sense a short circuit and open.  Multiple hits can 
burn this out and totally kill your battery (as it will be an open in the 
middle of the battery connections internal to the pack).

Plus side?  If if works, you've just resuscitated an expensive battery!  

Tricks.  First, I prefer to do a cell by cell reverse "hit," followed by a 
300 mA charge for 12 hrs.  Obviously, this involves opening the battery.  
I've had good success with this on Duo batts.  I use a 6V 17 Ah battery (well 
charged) to "hit" each cell quickly (reverse polarity), then charge the pack 
as mentioned.  The problem with this is the possibility of killing a cell 
completely.  On the assembled pack, the forward "pop" works fairly well, just 
with less success.  Remember, you want just a quick "hit" to pop the 
dendrites.

If you'd like to try this, do the following:  Using a car battery (be 
CAREFUL!!!) or a "gel-cell" type unit, "pop" the pack in reverse.....wait 
about 10-20 seconds for the overload sensor to reset...."pop" it again.  
Next, charge the battery (in the normal way, not reverse, of course) using an 
EXTERNAL source for 10-20 hrs.  You will need 15-16 VDC at 200 to 300 mAh (a 
"wall wart" type power supply is perfect for this....I have a 15VDC lab 
supply which I use...overkill).  DON'T PUT THE BATTERY BACK INTO THE COMPUTER 
TO CHARGE!  The possible current draw can be excessive.  Charge externally 
first...at least for a couple of hours before putting it back into the 
PowerBook.

WARNINGS:  If you use a car battery, use ALL precautions, 'cuz if you short 
circuit a lead-acid battery, you will have a high generation rate of hydrogen 
as well as heat/sparks etc, resulting in a neat chemical reaction known as an 
explosion.  I've seen several....not any fun.  Remember, it is a lead-ACID 
battery....sulfuric acid hurts, esp. in the eyes.

If you play with radios, as do I, you may have a regulated power supply which 
outputs in the 13-14 VDC range.  If it is a nice, regulated supply.....don't 
use it.  Short circuits (i.e., high drain overamperage connections) can kill 
such a supply.  The thing to use is a standard 6/12V battery charger.  No 
chance of blowing up your $100 radio power supply and the battery charger is 
designed for high instantaneous outputs.  This is the best thing to use, as 
it also should not explode <<grin>>.

I used to keep the remains of a Gates lead acid cell in the lab to remind 
techs what can happen when you screw around with the laws of physics.  Why? 
Think "hand grenade."  The tech that was screwing around with it had to pick 
out several bits of casing from his hand and chest, as well as a few from the 
walls.  Don't want that in your Duo or 2400!

<<Off soapbox>>

OK, real world.  I've done LOTS of cells...probably 60 to 70% success.  
However, I have the burn scars from wires and have ducked shrapnel from 
exploding batts....one of the hazards of being a "hands-on" engineer.  DO BE 
CAREFUL!!!  I hate attending funerals.  <<grin>>

Andrew

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