Experts convened by the National Academy of Sciences recently concluded that all vertebrates should be considered capable of experiencing the aversive state of pain. Minimizing animal pain, wherever possible, is important both ethically and legally. The National Academies have developed a free online resource to help those who care for and use laboratory animals, farm animals, and pets to prevent, recognize, and alleviate pain in different types of animals, from non-human primates to fish. Visit this online resource at http://nas.edu/pain.
