Paul's comment is very apt. It is very important to consider whether
a consistent error should or should not count against reliability.
In some cases, a constant positive or negative bias should not matter.
For example, one might be willing to standardize each measure before
using it in statistical analysis. The standardization would then
remove differences due to a constant bias (as well as differences
associated with a different variance for each measure/rating).
John Uebersax
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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