Mike You can do the math for path loss. The formulas are well known. Perhaps 
less known is the rest of the story. The probe is using its high gain (dish) 
antenna, perhaps 20 db. Since it is a dish antenna it must be aimed! The probe 
is programmed to aim its antennas periodically since it can not be commanded to 
turn its antenna.
Back at this end, the Goldstone antennas have about 60db gain with 
cryogenically cooled noise figures of <1. I'm guessing the receiver sensitivity 
at around ---150 to -170 dbm using a very narrow bandwidth and correlation 
techniques similar to what is used on GPS receivers. Transmission flight of 
path is > six hours.
73
Fred, AE6QL

-----Original Message-----
From: Elecraft [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of 
[email protected]
Sent: Thursday, July 16, 2015 11:10 AM
To: Elecraft Reflector
Subject: [Elecraft] QRP signals from Pathfinder probe (off topic)

Heard last night on  Nova program that the transmitter on the Pathfinder Pluto 
probe was 10 watts.  Anyone have a clue as to the signal path loss at 3 billion 
miles and what levels the deep space dish receiving networks are dealing with?  
 Incredible that the data stream can be extracted from the noise. Mike  AC5P 

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