Thanks to all for the explanations.

Brian Denley
KB1VBF
Sent from my iPad

> On Dec 18, 2016, at 8:46 AM, brian <als...@comcast.net> wrote:
> 
> Expectations may be too high.....
> 
> All these WWV methods assume there is no Doppler shift present on the WWV 
> signal.  Other things to consider: TCXO drift, synthesizer limitations and 
> new synthesizer quirks.
> 
> During disturbed times, Doppler could be 1 Hz or more.
> Unfortunately, the Doppler shift present depends upon just about everything-- 
> location, time of day, atmospheric reflecting layer heights, path, the list 
> goes on.
> 
> Keep in mind the new synthesizers add an additional quarter Hz (+/-) 
> uncertainty.  The syncing of the SI570 to the master oscillator produces 
> sawtooth jumps of that magnitude, sometimes more vs time.
> There are also band to band variations introduced by limitation in finding 
> exact synthesizer divide ratios.  Old synthesizers showed many Hz deviations 
> from band to band and as one tuned up the band.  These variations are much 
> smaller with the new synthesizers.
> 
> Then there is drift.  If you are not using XREF, you will experience maybe 10 
> Hz or more warm up drifts.  The high stability oscillator takes about four 
> hours to reach its most stable point.  The standard oscillator reaches that 
> point a few hours earlier.
> 
> The old engineer cautioned: "Never believe the last digit displayed in any 
> device".  In this case, don't expect to be within 1 Hz on all bands, all 
> frequencies at all times-- no matter what calibration method you use.   Look 
> at the K3 specs.  Nowhere will you find an expectation of such accuracy.
> 
> 73 de Brian/K3KO
> 
>> On 12/18/2016 12:40 PM, K9ZTV wrote:
>> The R.L. Drake Company referred to the zeroing or beating indicators as 
>> "canary chirps,"  the goal being to slow the "chirping" until there was a 
>> steady tone indicating you were then dead-on.  I still find that the most 
>> descriptive way to tell someone how to identify the pulsing when doing the 
>> Reference Calibration against WWV in a K3 (at the highest frequency you can 
>> copy them). The trick is to get the right balance in volume between WWV's 
>> main carrier tone and the K3's sidetone so you can hear the "chirps."
>> 
>> Kent, K9ZTV
>> 
>> 
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