On 3/13/2010 11:53 AM, Abd ul-Rahman Lomax wrote (after I snipped a bit):
Attempts have been made to apply this to public elections. I forget
the city, but there was a proposal in the early 20th century to hold
an election for a City Council where, in the council, representatives
would exercise the votes they recieved in the general election. This
would have been, for the first time, true and accurate representation
before the Council. Because some council members would have many more
votes than others, others would have less; this would produce a more
representative result than a scheme in which votes are allocated to
seats equally, because smaller groups could still obtain seats.
(Assume a fixed number of seats. Suppose the top N vote-getters are
elected in a vote-for-one election. Look at the minimum number of
votes obtained by a candidate who nevertheless obtained a seat. In a
system which redistributes votes somehow so that a faction with 2Q
votes gets two seats, and Q votes are required to win a seat, and
there are N seats, compared to one where the top N candidates get
seats, with variable voting power, it's obvious that since for some
seats in the latter case, more than Q votes were obtained, some must
have less, and thus smaller factions get representation.)
I just wanted to point out a hero of mine from my home state, William S.
U'Ren (Wiki article here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Simon_U'Ren
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Simon_U%27Ren> ). He was the
father of Oregon's Initiative (1902), Referendum (1902), and Recall
(1908) movement at the turn of the 20th century. He also campaigned for
the popular election of U.S. Senators (well, okay, so there can be an
argument about the usefulness of this), and helped establish the first
Presidential primary (1910). (I think these dates are accurate.)
This is just background for my main point, though. Quoting Wiki, "In
1912, he (U'Ren) proposed an amendment to the Oregon Constitution to
essentially weigh each legislator's vote on proposed bills according to
the number of votes he received in the last election."
The abstract from the New York Times of the period reads: "SALEM, Ore.,
June 29. -- It is a remarkable plan of government that has been evolved
by the People's Power League for presentation to the people at the
coming State election under the initiative. Its intent is to have all
the votes cast in any election represented in the legislative assembly
by proxy members whose voting power in that body shall be gauged by the
number of electors who voted for them."
Article in PDF:
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=980CEED91E3CE633A25753C3A9609C946396D6CF
<http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=980CEED91E3CE633A25753C3A9609C946396D6CF>
(I hope that works, New York Times links sometimes go to a login screen).
He didn't come close to succeeding in this particular endeavor, but he
did show how a politician with a knack for thinking about election
methods could alter the course of government. Unfortunately, he has been
almost forgotten, even in Oregon, though every election cycle we see his
handiwork in voter initiatives and referendums (only rarely is there any
grumbling of recall, though it's still possible).
Michael Rouse
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