On 22/11/2025 23:20, Ihor Radchenko wrote:

((nil
   :fonts
   ((nil :font "Noto Serif"))))

That will result in
\babelfont{rm}{Noto Serif}
\babelfont{sf}{Noto Serif}
\babelfont{tt}{Noto Serif}

In other words, for *any* latex document, you basically need to provide
at least 3 fonts. Do I understand it correctly?

Ihor, it seems you expect that TeX engine may choose font variants when you specify a family. It is not so. Moreover, you specified namely serif variant, not just family, so Pedro is upset. (My usage of terms related to fonts may be incorrect.)

LaTeX uses at least
- Roman (regular, serif)
- Sans serif
- Monospaced
- Small caps
fonts. Depending on specific document and LaTeX documentclass, some variants are not used.

By default PdfLaTeX uses Computer Modern fonts (with LH for Cyrillic), LuaLaTeX uses Latin Modern that covers just Latin and Greek. There are similar Computer Modern Unicode fonts with wider coverage.

You may set sans font as the main document font and avoid serif completely. However monospaced fonts are different and incompatible with serif and sans fonts since monospaced fonts have fixed width. Some documents may set a monospaced font as the main one though.

For English texts you may leave CM or LM as defaults without providing any other fonts. Some users may expect something looking more close to Times as the main document font.

I recall discussions to allow users to switch between predefined font families: Free fonts, Noto, CMU, etc.

Depending of document language, you may need to set e.g. specific Noto font having necessary glyphs (Noto Sans CJK JP). A special explicitly configured font is necessary for emoji.



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