Bob, 

While I fully understand and concur with you concerning 
ring *voltage*, that is not my point of concern in relation 
with the LVD. Ring voltages are not passed through end-to-end 
on T1 or E1. I have and do work on plenty of equipment that 
only DCS's or IMUX's T1 or E1 and powered by 48vdc. Ring 
voltages don't exist on T1 or E1. 

Maybe this is one of those areas that not many people are 
aware.  Ring voltages are not passed on the T1/E1 line. 
It is not in either spec. There are plenty of equipment 
out there that handle only T1/E1 levels and 48vdc. 
They have nothing to do with ring voltages. 

So trying to apply the letter of LVD 73/23/EEC won't work. 

It's still done though, but it's a major hole in the LVD 
that I'm becoming more convinced few are aware. I was 
surprised to find it.  Glad I wasn't on the committee. 

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   The comments and opinions stated herein are mine alone,
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