[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> out of flash differs from photo to photo. I can't explain in any other way
> why while the flash is on the Exposure time is always 1/60 sec and the
> Aperture Value is 5.6. Is that correct?

That's just the way P mode is made to be. Ie. if there is not enough
ambient
light, it doesn't go below 1/60 and it uses the max aperature.



> is open. Is that true for normal flash use too? (When no FP is set) I quess
> not, because if that would be true, the first or the second curtain wouldn't
> work. Would someone explain (something like on the photo that I mentioned
> earlier) how it really works please?

Depending if you sync on the first or second curtain, the flash goes off
either when the first curtain has fully opened or (rear sync) just
before 
the second curtain starts to close.
The duration is 1/x000 league, depending on the power used. see
http://www.chem.helsinki.fi/~toomas/photo/flash-faq.html
and 
http://www.chem.helsinki.fi/~toomas/photo/flash-discharge.html
for some nice information about flashes and discharge times.

> 
> 3. Having longer exposure times with flash. As I mentioned earlier while
> using Program mode the Exposure time is always 1/60 sec and the Aperture
> Value is 5.6. That means in most cases the object is always correctly
> exposed, but the background is very dark or even black usually.

That's because the flash illuminates the foreground but not background.
The exposure of background depends only on ambient light. 

> 
> But as soon I select TV and set Shutter speed to 1/15 sec the Aperture Value
> starts blinking, because it can't open the aperture for more than 3.5. What
> to do in this case? Should I just fire a photo having such settings? Is that

Don't use TV mode. When I use flash in quite dark situations, I use M
mode. I set exposure time to 1/15 - 1/4 range and select aperature.
If the light meter shows over exposure, I shorten the speed or close
down the aperature. This way I can have long exposure time (for
backgrounds)
and not necessary shoot wide open.

With M mode, if the light meter shows -2, don't worry. Just make sure
your
subject is in the flash range and shoot. ETTL will take care of the 
subject and your settings will affect on how the background comes out.




> for the less time as the TV setting is (in this case 1/15 sec). If that
> would be true I could switch to Manual and set Time to 1/15 sec, Aperture to
> 3.5 (even it is not correct at TV), which would meke me a better background,
> but the flash will take care the main object would be correctly exposed.

It makes no difference if you shoot on TV mode 1/15 and blinking 3.5
compared
to M mode 1/15 and f/3.5, except on M mode the aperature reading doesn't
blink.
The resulting photo would be the same.

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