Mitra's theory seems to contradict Penrose's proof that any GR solution with a closed
event horizon must contain a singularity. Before Penrose's theorem there was a widespread
opinion among physicists that something like Mitra's picture must be true and that the
singularities in solutions like Schwarzschild's were just due to the idealized perfect
spherical symmetry or the idealized equations of state. But Penrose bypassed all that and
made a purely topological argument. So Hawking isn't saying that Mitra is right, Hawking
is rejecting Penrose's theorem on the grounds that it doesn't consider quantum effects.
Brent
On 2/6/2014 12:45 PM, Chris de Morsella wrote:
Giving credit where credit is due.
http://twocircles.net/2014feb05/indian_physicist_resolved_black_hole_paradox_much_hawking.html
Indian physicist resolved Black Hole paradox much before Hawking
By K.S.Jayaraman, IANS,
Bangalore : A new paper released late last month in which famed British physicist
Stephen Hawking contradicts his own theory and says that Black Holes - in the real sense
- do not actually exist has startled the world science community.
But Abhas Mitra, a theoretical physicist at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) in
Mumbai, is not at all surprised. "I said more than a decade ago that the Black Hole
solutions found in Einstein's General Theory of Relativity actually correspond to zero
mass and are never formed. This implies that the so-called Black Holes candidates must
be Grey Holes or quasi-Black Holes," Mitra told IANS. "Hawking is saying the same thing
now."
Mitra's papers, published in peer reviewed journals since 2000 - that still remain
unchallenged - maintain that there can be objects in the universe that are quasi-static
or "eternally collapsing" but not exactly Black Holes. "This work was largely ignored by
mainstream physicists as well as the media while Hawking's recent two-page online paper
saying exactly the same thing has become hot international news," Mitra noted.
He said this happened even though several American astrophysicists verified his
prediction that such quasi-Black Holes must have strong magnetic fields unlike the real
Black Holes, adding that even Harvard University issued a press release to this effect
in 2006.
A Black Hole, according to its proponents, results from gravitational collapse of a
massive star after it runs out of fuel for nuclear fusion. A Black Hole is all vacuum
except for an infinitely dense central point called "singularity," Mitra said.
As the theory goes, a Black Hole is surrounded by an imaginary boundary called "Event
Horizon" that shuts everything within, allowing nothing - not even light - to escape. An
object crossing the Event Horizon gets forever trapped and crushed at the singularity,
destroying all the information about the object as well. This directly conflicts with
the laws of quantum physics that say information can never be completely wiped out. This
is the Black Hole "information loss paradox".
The Black Holes also pose a "Firewall Paradox" which arises from the claim that Event
Horizon, under the quantum theory, must actually be transformed into a highly energetic
region, or firewall, that would burn any approaching object to a crisp. Although the
firewall obeyed quantum rules, it flouted Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, Mitra
said.
Hawking's latest paper attempts to resolve the Firewall Paradox by proposing that
gravitational collapse produces only an Apparent Horizon but not an Event Horizon that
is the hallmark of a true Black Hole. He said the absence of Event Horizons means there
are no Black Holes in the sense they are usually visualized. Mitra said he has shown
before that there can be no Event Horizon by using the classical theory without invoking
uncertain quantum physics as Hawking has done.
In fact, in a series of peer reviewed papers, Mitra has shown that no true Black Holes
can ever form. The so-called Black Holes observed by astronomers are actually radiation
pressure supported Eternally Collapsing Objects (ECOs). These balls of fire are so hot
that even neutrons and protons melt there and whose outward radiation pressure balances
the inward pull of gravity to arrest a catastrophic collapse before any Black Hole or
'singularity' would actually form.
"Incidentally, our Sun is also a ball of fire hot enough to melt atoms," Mitra
noted.
"Thus, the realization that there can be no true Black Holes and the so-called Black
Holes are actually ECOs resolve both the Information and Firewall paradoxes," Mitra said.
"Hawking has now arrived at the same conclusion from tentative arguments while our
results are based on exact calculations and were published in a series of peer-reviewed
papers over 13 years ago," Mitra added.
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