No-limit Texas Hold Em is one of the most complex and popular form of poker
and 2 years ago a AI was reported that could beat the best human player at
it, but in last Thursday's issue of the journal Science there was a
development that was new for 3 reasons:

1) Previously the AI could win only at one on one play but this new program
(called Pluribus) could play at a superhuman level against multiple human
expert players and win, and that is much more difficult than one on one
play.

2) The program started out knowing almost nothing about Poker but taught
itself to play at a superhuman level in 8 days and did it without human
help.

3) Unlike previous programs this one does not require massive computing
power for the training or for the actual play. During training it played
against itself trillions of times and needed 512 GB of memory and 8 days on
a 64-core Intel Xeon E5-8860 server for a total of 12,288 CPU core hours.
If you bought that much processing power on cloud computing it would only
cost you $144. After the training period was complete and a winning
strategy was found on how to play Poker at a superhuman level then during a
real game in real time against real opponents the program only needed 128
GB of memory.

Superhuman AI for multiplayer poker
<https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2019/07/10/science.aay2400>

John K Clark

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