On Sat, Aug 6, 2022 at 7:54 AM Jesse Mazer <[email protected]> wrote:

> Why do you say it's irreversible in principle? Wouldn't the time-reverse
> of that just be a photon traveling towards an atom and being absorbed,
> which is permitted by the laws of physics given a different set of initial
> boundary conditions?
>

The laws of physics are invariant under the time-reversal operation. That
does not imply that irreversible processes are impossible. Brent has
pointed out that sending a photon out into an expanding universe is a
process that is irreversible in principle. The time invariance of the laws
means that a photon coming in from outer space is consistent with the laws.
But that cannot be the same photon. The idea that you can surround
everything with a perfectly reflecting mirror, so that all emitted photons
are returned, is just a fanciful diversionary tactic -- no such
reflective surrounds exist. Besides, reflecting photons back is not a
process reversal in an expanding universe. The red shift induced by the
expansion means that the returning photon inevitably has lower energy than
the emitted photon.

Bruce

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