Thank you for your answer. I will make my firewall application look for 
a running instance of fail2ban and restart it upon reconfiguration.

For the record, I found fail2ban's documentation to be very lacking 
after looking for an answer to this.



On 11/08/2016 11:28 PM, Nick Howitt wrote:
> Short answer, it simply breaks and needs to be reloaded.
>
> Long answer, have a look in your logs. the fail2ban log will have
> failure messages each time it tries to apply a rule. Also have a look in
> at "iptables -nvL" where you will no longer see the f2b chains of the
> INPUT rules branching to them, even after f2b tries and fails to add a rule.
>
> Similarly, when f2b stops it generally flushes the f2b chains and rules,
> but it also tries to unban the individual IP's from the previously
> flushed chains and these fail. I did recently try to change the
> actionunban rule to get it to check if the rule existed before deleting
> the rule as an intellectual exercise but I failed as "iptables -C" still
> returns an error which f2b logs. I could not be bothered to take it any
> further and make the actionunban call an external script as all it would
> do is tidy up the logs, rather than gain functionality.
>
> Nick
>
> On 09/11/2016 05:42, J Mo wrote:
>> How does fail2ban behave when iptables rules are flushed? Does it need
>> to be reloaded after such an event?
>>
>> What will happen when it tries to add or remove a rule in a chain which
>> no longer exists? Are the chains recreated, or does fail2ban simply break?
>>
>>
>>
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