>From The African-American Registry

November 17

On this date we celebrate the birth of Nancy Green in 1834. She was a Black 
storyteller and 
one of the first (Black) corporate models in the United States. 

The world knew her as "Aunt Jemima" but her given name was Nancy Green. The 
famous 
Aunt Jemima recipe was not her recipe but she became the advertising world's 
first living 
trademark. Miss Green was born a slave in Montgomery County, Kentucky. Chris 
Rutt, a 
newspaperman, and Charles Underwood bought the Pearl Milling Company and had 
the 
original idea of developing and packaging a ready-mixed, self-rising pancake 
flour. To 
survive in a highly competitive business, the men needed an image for their 
product. 

In 1889, Rutt attended a vaudeville show where he heard a catchy tune called 
"Aunt 
Jemima" sung by a blackface performer who was wearing an apron and bandanna 
headband. He decided to call their pancake flour "Aunt Jemima". Later, Rutt and 
Underwood were so short of capital funds that they were broke. In 1890, they 
sold the 
formula to the R. T. Davis Milling Company. Mr. Davis began looking for a Negro 
woman to 
employ as a living trademark for his product, and he found Nancy Green in 
Chicago. She 
was 56 years old. The Aunt Jemima Pancake Mix was introduced in St. Joseph, 
Missouri. 

In 1893, the Davis Milling Company aggressively began an all-out promotion of 
"Aunt 
Jemima" at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Green, as "Aunt Jemima" 
demonstrated the pancake mix and served thousands of pancakes. Green was a hit, 
friendly, a good storyteller, and a good cook. Her warm and appealing 
personality made 
her the ideal "Aunt Jemima" a living trademark. Her exhibition booth drew so 
many people 
that special policemen were assigned to keep the crowds moving. The Davis 
Milling 
Company received over 50,000 orders, and Fair officials awarded Nancy Green a 
medal 
and certificate for her showmanship. 

She was proclaimed "Pancake Queen." She was signed to a lifetime contract and 
traveled 
on promotional tours all over the country. Flour sales were up all year and 
pancakes were 
no longer considered exclusively for breakfast. Nancy Green maintained this job 
until a car 
crash in Chicago killed her, on September 23, 1923. The Davis Company also ran 
into 
money problems, and the Quaker Oats Company purchased the Aunt Jemima Mills in 
1925.

Reference:
Black Women in America An Historical Encyclopedia 
Volumes 1 and 2, edited by Darlene Clark Hine 
Copyright 1993, Carlson Publishing Inc., Brooklyn, New York 
ISBN 0-926019-61-9






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