ASCII
(*A*merican *S*tandard *C*ode for *I*nformation *I* nterchange)
Pronounced "ask-ee." A binary code for text as well as communications
and printer control. It is used for most communications and is the
built-in character code in most minicomputers and all personal computers.
ASCII is a 7-bit code providing 128 character combinations, the first 32
of which are control characters. Since the common storage unit is an
8-bit byte (256 combinations) and ASCII uses only 7 bits, the extra bit
is used differently depending on the computer.
For example, the PC uses the additional values for foreign language and
graphics symbols (see ASCII chart below). In the Macintosh, the
additional values can be user-defined. See ASCII chart
<http://www.techweb.com/encyclopedia/defineterm?term=ASCIIchart> for a
diagram of all the ASCII characters. See also hex chart
<http://www.techweb.com/encyclopedia/defineterm?term=hexchart> and
Unicode <http://www.techweb.com/encyclopedia/defineterm?term=Unicode> .
ISO
(International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, www.iso.ch) An
organization that sets international standards, founded in 1946. The
U.S. member body is ANSI. ISO deals with all fields except electrical
and electronics, which is governed by the older International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). With regard to information
processing, ISO and IEC created JTC1, the Joint Technical Committee for
information technology.
It carries out its work through more than 160 technical committees and
2,300 subcommittees and working groups, and is made up of standards
organizations from more than 75 countries, some of them serving as
secretariats for these technical bodies.
ANSI
(American National Standards Institute, New York, www.ansi.org) A
membership organization founded in 1918 that coordinates the development
of U.S. voluntary national standards in both the private and public
sectors. It is the U.S. member body to ISO and IEC. Information
technology standards pertain to programming languages, EDI,
telecommunications and physical properties of diskettes, cartridges and
magnetic tapes.
NANSI
New Ansi
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- Re: [fd-dev] ASCII & ISO & ANSI George Bell
- Re: [fd-dev] ASCII & ISO & ANSI Arkady V.Belousov
