Ladwig, J. P., & Miller, T. D. (2013). Are first-circulation patterns for 
monographs in the humanities different from the sciences? Library Collections, 
Acquisitions, and Technical Services, 37(3–4), 77–84. 
doi:10.1016/j.lcats.2013.09.004 
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lcats.2013.09.004 
Abstract
How many monographs acquired in a particular year circulate in that year? 
What percentage have their first circulation each successive year? Does 
the pattern differ for different broad subject areas, i.e., humanities, 
the sciences, and the social sciences? This article tests the assumption that 
the first-circulation pattern differs by subject. We conclude that the pattern 
does not differ. The finding is important for decisions 
about off-site storage, assessing collection development, maintaining 
departmental libraries, etc. Regardless of subject, if a book has not 
circulated at least once within a few years after acquisition, it is 
unlikely to find its reader.


Keywords
        * Circulation statistics; 
        * Collection development; 
        * Subject analysis; 
        * Academic libraries
Highlights
• First-circulation patterns for books for libraries’ entire collections are 
similar.
• First-circulation patterns for books for humanities and STEM are similar.
• By year 5 following acquisition, non-cumulative first-circulation dips below 
5%.
• By year 10 following acquisition, it dips below 1%.
• These percentages can be used to evaluate collection development activities.


STEPHEN B. ALAYON
Data Bank Senior Information Assistant
Library and Data Banking Services Section
Training and Information Division
Aquaculture Department (AQD)
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) 
Tigbauan, Iloilo 5021 Philippines
URL: http://www.seafdec.org.ph
Telephone No.: 63 33 5119170 to 71 local 409
Fax No.: 63 33 5119174
Mobile Phone No.: 63 919 4506688
Email Add: [email protected], [email protected]

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