Available evidence and analysis, as I discuss in more detail in http://www.constitution.org/ussc/032-243jr.htm , is that all of the Bill of Rights, except the First, applied to the states as well as to the national government, but that they did not explicitly extend federal question jurisdiction to federal courts on cases between a citizen and his state on a claim for such rights. The state courts were at least supposed to enforce them even if there was no appeal to federal courts. My argument is that they implicitly extended the jurisdiction of federal courts to such cases, and that was the effect of the 14th Amendment.
-- Jon

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