http://highscalability.com/blog/2011/6/21/running-tpc-c-on-mysqlrds.html

Results Analysis

The benchmark results are surprising.

With hardly any dependency on the database size, MySQL reaches its 
optimal throughput at around 64 concurrent users. Anything above that 
causes throughput degradation.

Throughput is improving as machines get stronger. However, there is a 
sweet-spot, a point where adding hardware doesn’t help performance. The 
sweet spot is around the XL machine, which reaches a throughput of 
around 7000 tpm. 2XL and 4XL machines don’t improve this limit.

It would seem that the Scale-Up scalability approach is rather limited, 
and bounded. And unfortunately, has some rather close bounds.

So, what’s the bottleneck?

- CPU is unlikely candidate, as CPU power doubles on 2XL and quadruple 
on 4XL machines.

- I/O is also an unlikely candidate. Since machines memory (RAM) 
doubles on 2XL and quadruple on 4XL machines. More RAM means more 
database cache buffers, thus reduced I/O.

- Concurrency? Number of concurrent users? Well we saw that optimal 
throughput is achieved with around 64 concurrent sessions on the 
database. See figure 4b in the benchmark report. While with 1 user the 
throughput 1,000 transactions per user, with 256 users it drops to 1 
transaction per user!

Would be interesting to check how does Firebird behaves.

Roman

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