Bridging vs Riuting firewalls...

The main strength of a bridged firewall to me is the fact that it only exists 
virtually on the network.
How to attack a firewall that you cannot address directly?
Even when you are connected to the same network/switch you will not be able to find 
the firewall, unless you know what you are 
looking for.

Implementation wise a bridging/routing firewall offers you a few advantages over a 
routed one.

1. when you have to add the firewall to an already existing network, you do not need 
to reconfigure any other device on the 
network, your addressing schemes and routing stays exactly the same, the only downtime 
you will have is due to the fact that 
you have to connect the cabels. (and even that can be solved by using vlan's on your 
switches and just swapping the upstream 
routers interface into a separate vlan together with the downstream interface of the 
firewall.

- Since you do not need to change your routing topology you do not need to creat more 
transit subnets, and thus you save IP 
addresses.
- When changing routing topologies often many devices will have to have their 
configuration changed. With a bridged firewall 
this is not needed.

2. Putting multiple firewalls in series to create for example more ports becomes very 
easy, although for example with the 
Lucent BRICK this isnot necesary since it supports VLAN tagging and with a VLAN 
capable switch you can create virtually any 
number of "virtual" firewalls you might need, and give them all their own ruleset.
No need for recabling and expensive upgrades.

3. In general purpose build devices are less vulnerable, a purpose build firewall does 
not depend on the operating system of 
the router/platform it is running at, lowering the chance of being penetrated due to 
bugs in code other than for the firewall.
(as Nokia, Checkpoint, Cisco etc.)

4. When both your routing services and firewall services are based on one device, then 
everytime you need to make changes to 
the routing you will probably also have to change your firewwall configuration, 
creating more downtime.

Of course not all bridging firewalls are the same, my only bridging firewall 
experience is with the Lucent Managed Firewall or 
BRICK which does both bridging and routing at the same time if need, and therefor can 
be easily deployed in any situation, I 
have not come across a setup that I could not realise.

Greetings,

        Diederik Schouten
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