On the difference between natural numbers and theories: The tool offered for use is based on natural numbers. It is devoid of any interpretations aside the interpretation relating to common axes that are rectangular. It is pleasing that Stan sees many ways to use the interdependence among natural numbers to be relevant and applicable in thermodynamics.
The accountant is satisfied after having found an accounting trick Nature appears to use. That this accounting trick is used all over the manifold activities of Nature is what the accountant says. Stan's remarks show that the model does have practical relevance. The inventor of triangulation by means of trigonometry may have been ridiculed that he does not know the geography of England, although he may have implied that this table can be useful in mapping England. Let me restate: the Table offered shows additional ways of dealing with summands, aside the old method of joining them. Sorting and resorting brings forth two Euclid spaces connected by two planes. The natural unit of transaction is a triplet, which is a logical-numerical statement about the spatial coordinates of fragmentational states. It is a pleasure to learn that the idea appears applicable to Stan to deal with thermodynamic terms of reference in reformulating the concept. Karl 2010/12/3 Stanley N Salthe <ssal...@binghamton.edu> > *Replying to Karl, who said:* > > > one can use a stable model used by neurology and psychology to come closer > to understanding how our brain works. This can help to formulate the > thoughts Pedro mentioned being obscure. > > One pictures the brain as a quasi-meteorological model of an extended world > containing among others swamp, savanna, arid zones. The dissipation of water > above these regions causes clouds to form and storms to discharge the vapor > within the clouds. The model observes the lightnings in the model and sets > them as an allegory to thoughts (these being electrical discharges) as > opposed to hormones (that are the fluids in the swamps). So there is an > assumed independence between the rainfall, the humidity of the ground, cloud > formation and lightnings. The real meteorologists would not agree with the > simplification that the lightning is the central idea of a rainfall, but > this is how the picture works (at present). > > Why I offer these idle thoughts from the biologic sciences to FIS is that > it is now possible to make a model of these processes in an abstract, > logical fashion. The colleaugues in Fis are scientists in the rational > tradition and may find useful that a rational algorithm can be shown to > allow simulating the little tricks Nature appears to use. > > Nature changes the form of the imbalance, once too many or too few > lightnings, once too much or lacking water - relative to the other > representation's stable state. There are TWO sets of reference. The > deviation between the two sets of references is what Nature uses in its > manifold activities. > > > This model looks at the physical equivalences in two realms by > modeling in thermodynamics. Today in thermodynamics we have an advancing > perspective known as the ‘Maximum Entropy Production Principle’ (MEPP) for > relatively simple systems like weather, or Maximum Energy Dispersal > Principle’ (MEDP) for complicated material systems like the brain. In both > cases the dynamics are controlled by the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which > imposes that the available energy gradients will be dissipated in the least > possible time, taking the easiest routes available. This becomes very > interesting in the brain, where the flow of depolarizations would then be > predicted to be biased in the direction of more habitual ‘thoughts’. I > think that this prediction seems to be born out in our own experiences of > the frequent return of our attention to various insistent thoughts. I > recommend that Karl inquire into MEPP. For this purpose I paste in some > references. > > > STAN > > > MEPP related publications: > > > Annila, A. and S.N. Salthe, 2009. Economies evolve by energy dispersal. > Entropy, 2009, 11: 606-633. > > > Annila, A. and S.N. Salthe, 2010. Physical foundations of evolutionary > theory. Journal on Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics 35: 301-321. > > > Annila, A. and S.N. Salthe, 2010. Cultural naturalism. Entropy, 2010, 12: > 1325-1352. > > > Bejan, A. and S. Lorente, 2010. The constructal law of design and > evolution in nature. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, > 365: 1335-1347. > > > Brooks, D.R. and E.O. Wiley, 1988. Evolution As Entropy: Toward A Unified > Theory Of Biology (2nd. ed.) Chicago. University of Chicago Press. > > > Chaisson, E.J., 2008. Long-term global heating from energy usage. Eos, > Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 89: 353-255. > > > DeLong, J.P., J.G. Okie, M.E. Moses, R.M. Sibly and J.H. Brown, 2010. > Shifts in metabolic scaling, production, and efficiency across major > evolutionary transitions of life. Proceedings of the Natiional Academy of > Sciences. Early EDition > > > Dewar, R. C., 2003. Information theory explanation of the fluctuation > theorem, maximum entropy production, and self-organized criticality in > non-equilibrium stationary states. Journal of Physics, A Mathematics and > General 36: L631-L641. > > > Dewar, R.C., 2005. Maximum entropy production and the fluctuation theorem. > Journal of Physics A Mathematics and General 38: L371-L381. > > > Dewar, R.C., 2009. Maximum entropy production as an inference algorithm > that translates physical assumptions into macroscopic predictions: Don't > shoot the messenger. Entropy 2009. 11: 931-944. > > > Dewar. R.C. and A. Porté, 2008. Statistical mechanics unifies different > ecological patterns. Journal of Theoretical Biology 251:389-403. > > > Dyke, J. and A. Kleidon. 2010. The maximum entropy production principle: > its theoretical foundations and applications to the Earth system. Entropy > 2010, 12:613-630. > > > Herrmann-Pillath, C., 2010. Entropy, function and evolution: naturalizing > Peircean semiosis. Entropy 2010, 12: 197-242. > > > Kleidon, A. (2009): Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and Maximum Entropy > Production in the Earth System: Applications and Implications, > Naturwissenschaften 96: 653-677. > > > Kleidon, A. (2010): Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics, Maximum Entropy > Production and Earth-system evolution, Philosophical Transactions of the > Royal Society A, 368: 181-196. > > > Kleidon, A. and R. Lorenz (eds) Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and the > Production of Entropy: Life Earth, and Beyond Heidelberg: Springer. > > > Lineweaver, C.H. 2005. Cosmological and biological reproducibility: limits > of the maximum entropy production principle. In Kleidon, A. and Lorenz, R. > Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and the Production of Entropy: Life, Earth > and Beyond. Springer Pp. 67-76. > > > Lineweaver, C.H. and C.A. Egan, 2008. Life, gravity and the second law of > thermodynamics. Physics of Life Reviews (2008) > doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2008.08.002 > > > Lorenz. R.D., 2002. Planets, life and the production of entropy. > International Journal of Astrobiology 1: 3-13. > > > Mahulikar, S.P. and H. Herwig, 2004. Conceptual Investigation of the > Entropy Principle for Indentification of Directives for Creation, Existence > and Total Destruction of Order. Physica Scripta. Vol. 70, 212-22i. > > > Martyushev, L.M., 2010. Maximum entropy production principle: two basic > questions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, 365: > 1333-1334. > > > Paltridge, G., 1975. Global dynamics and climate -- a system of minimum > entropy exchange. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society > 101:475-484. > > > > Salthe, S.N., 1993. Development And Evolution: Complexity And Change In > Biology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. > > > Salthe, S.N., 2004. The spontaneous origin of new levels in dynamical > hierarchies. Entropy 2004, 6[3]: 327-343. > > > Salthe, S.N., 2010. Development (and evolution) of the universe. > Foundations of Science. In Press > > > Schneider, E.D. and Kay, J.J., 1994. Life as a manifestation of the Second > Law of thermodynamics. Mathematical and Computer Modelling 19: 25-48. > > > Schneider, E.D. and D. Sagan., 2005. Into the Cool: Energy Flow, > Thermodynamics, and Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. > > > Sharma, V. and A. Annila, 2007. Natural process – natural selection. > Biophysical Chemistry 127: 123-128. > > > Swenson, R., 1989. Emergent attractors and the law of maximum entropy > production: foundations to a theory of general evolution. Systems Research > 6: 187-198. > > > Swenson, R., 1997. Autocatakinetics, evolution, and the law of maximum > entropy production. Advances in Human Ecology 6: 1-47. > > > Ulanowicz, R.D.and B.M. Hannon, 1987. Life and the production of entropy. > Proceedings of the Royal Society B 232: 181-192. > > > Vallino, J.J., 2010. Ecosystem biogeochemistry considered as a distributed > metabolic network ordered by maximum entropy production. Philosophical > Transactions of the Royal Society, B, 365: 1417-1427. > > > Virgo, N. 2010, From maximum entropy to maximum entropy production: a new > approach. Entropy 2010, 12: 107-126. > > > Zupanovic, P., S. Botric, D. Juretic and D. Kuic. 2010. Relaxation > processes and the maximum entropy production principle. Entropy, 2010.12: > 473-479. > > > Zupanovic, P., D. Kuic, Z.B. Losic, D. petrov, D. juretic and M. Brumen > 2010. The maximum entropy production principle and linear irreversible > processes. Entropy 2010, 12: 996-1005. > > > _______________________________________________ > fis mailing list > fis@listas.unizar.es > https://webmail.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis > >
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