[This message was posted by Mahesh Kumaraguru of  <[email protected]> to the 
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Note my answer(s) below

(1) FIX is primarily used for buy-side to sell-side communication.
(2) FIX is also used for sell-side to exchange communication.

FIX is being used for both of the above.

(3) For FIX communication between buy-side and sell-side, we would need a FIX 
engine on both sides and a session needs to be maintained between the 2 engines 
for any communication to happen.

Yes

(4) For FIX communication between sell-side and exchange, we would need a FIX 
engine on both sides and a session needs to be maintained between the 2 engines 
for any communication to happen.

Yes

(5) Assuming the above is true, I believe the sell-side can use a single FIX 
engine for communication with buy-side as well as exchange.

No. There is one Session Acceptor FIX engine which receives inbound FIX 
Sessions from Buy side(s). Another Session initiator FIX engine sends outbound 
FIX Sessions to Exchanges / other venues. Between the inbound FIX engine and 
the outbound FIX engine there is an application which applies business logic 
and decides which exchange would receive the order or slice of the order. Since 
one is a Session Acceptor and another is a Session initiator, two FIX engines 
are needed at a Sell side.

(6) Most of the sample code that I see is a buy-side communicating with a 
sell-side wherein the sell-side simulates a response. I want to understand the 
end-to-end scenario with an exchange also in picture. Lets say buy-side places 
an order. Sell-side receives the order and instead of simulating a response 
needs to send the order to the exchange. I am imagining that the sell-side 
application picks up the order from buy-side-sell-side-session, probably makes 
changes to the sendercompid and targetcompid, and sends the order on the 
sell-side-exchange session to the exchange. Thus an end-to-end scenario will 
always involve 2 FIX sessions. Is this correct?

The two FIX Sessions one between Buy side <-> Sell side and between Sell side 
<-> Exchange are independent of each other. Your description of end-to-end 
scenario is correct.

(7) I have some folks telling me that "buy sides will not have a FIX engine but 
they will be able to send FIX messages using some adapter. Only the sell side 
will have a fix engine to receive and process these messages.".
I believe this is incorrect. Am I correct?

Not always, many buy sides would have a FIX engine. There could be scenarios 
where the buy side does not have a FIX engine but instead connects to a service 
provider who translates between non-FIX to FIX using an adapter and sends out 
FIX orders to the Sell side and translates the FIX executions into non-FIX 
format and hands it out to the Buy side.

The converse is also true. There are exchanges which have non-FIX interfaces in 
which case a service provider translates from FIX to non-FIX Exchange specific 
format and back.

> I have a few BASIC questions bothering me and would like to understand
> if I am on the right track. Can you please confirm/answer the following:
> 
> (1) FIX is primarily used for buy-side to sell-side communication.
> 
> (2) FIX is also used for sell-side to exchange communication.
> 
> (3) For FIX communication between buy-side and sell-side, we would need
>     a FIX engine on both sides and a session needs to be maintained
>     between the 2 engines for any communication to happen.
> 
> (4) For FIX communication between sell-side and exchange, we would need
>     a FIX engine on both sides and a session needs to be maintained
>     between the 2 engines for any communication to happen.
> 
> (5) Assuming the above is true, I believe the sell-side can use a single
>     FIX engine for communication with buy-side as well as exchange.
> 
> (6) Most of the sample code that I see is a buy-side communicating with
>     a sell-side wherein the sell-side simulates a response. I want to
>     understand the end-to-end scenario with an exchange also in picture.
>     Lets say buy-side places an order. Sell-side receives the order and
>     instead of simulating a response needs to send the order to the
>     exchange. I am imagining that the sell-side application picks up the
>     order from buy-side-sell-side-session, probably makes changes to the
>     sendercompid and targetcompid, and sends the order on the sell-side-
>     exchange session to the exchange. Thus an end-to-end scenario will
>     always involve 2 FIX sessions. Is this correct?
> 
> (7) I have some folks telling me that "buy sides will not have a FIX
>     engine but they will be able to send FIX messages using some
>     adapter. Only the sell side will have a fix engine to receive and
>     process these messages.". I believe this is incorrect. Am I correct?


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