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http://nagoya.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24378 Minor problem in sample code for embedding Summary: Minor problem in sample code for embedding Product: Fop Version: all Platform: Other OS/Version: Other Status: NEW Severity: Normal Priority: Other Component: documentation AssignedTo: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ReportedBy: [EMAIL PROTECTED] The sample code on the FOP web site for embedding uses in a number of places constructs like Driver driver = new Driver(new InputSource(args[0]), new FileOutputStream(args[1])); or driver.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(args[1])); Using "new ...Stream(...)" as a constructor or function argument is dangerous as the stream doesn't get closed until the object is garbage collected. This can lead to "out of file handle" conditions. I learned this the hard way with a (supposedly) perfectly working server application which had fop embedded. The app ran happily for over two years. Then a hardware upgrade came along and the system admin changed the Java VM settings to give it more memory as the new machine had lots of it. Suddenly the system was running out of file handles because the Java VM did less garbage collection which in turn kept all those implicitly constructed streams open. The sample code should probably be looking more like FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(args[1]); Driver driver = new Driver(new InputSource(args[0]), fos); fos.close(); or to make sure the file is always closed like: FileOutputStream fos = null; try { fos = new FileOutputStream(args[1]); Driver driver = new Driver(new InputSource(args[0]), fos); fos.close(); } finally { if (fos != null) { try { fos.close(); } catch (IOException ioe) {} } } which is probably an overkill for the sake of the example.