This is a bit longer than the usual--hope that's OK. It's in the current (Feb
4) issue of Christianity Today, and it's pretty nearly the main thing I wanna
say in this life. If "every preacher has just one sermon", this is mine.
Thanks to CT for giving me a soapbox to say it, and Paraclete Press for
giving me a soapbox to say it at greater length ("The Illumined Heart").
Whatever Happened to Repentance?
We've come to think our faith is about comfort. It's not.
by Frederica Mathewes-Green
Forget what the Billboard charts say—to judge from church ads in the Yellow
Pages, America's favorite song is "I'm Mr. Lonely." Churches are quick to
spot that need and promise eagerly that they will be friendly, or be family,
or just care. Apparently this is the church's principal product. When people
need tires, they look up a tire store; when they start having those
bad-sad-mad feelings, they shop for a church.
Here, for once, denominational and political divisions vanish. Churches
across the spectrum compete to display their capacity for caring, though each
has its own way of making the pitch. The Tabernacle, a "spirit-filled,
multi-cultured church," pleads, "Come let us love you," while the Bible Way
Temple is more formal, if not downright odd: "A church where no stranger need
feel strangely." (The only response that comes to mind is "Thank thee.") One
church sign in South Carolina announced, "Where Jesus is Lord and everybody
is special," which made it sound like second prize. And one Methodist
congregation tries to get it all in: "A Christ-centered church where you can
make new friends and form lasting relationships with people who care about
you."
But when Jesus preached, he did not spend a lot of time on "caring." The
first time we see him, in the first Gospel, the first instruction he gives is
"Repent" (Mark 1:15). From then on, it's his most consistent message. Yes, he
spoke words of comfort like "Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden"
(Matt. 11:28). But much more frequently he challenged his hearers, urging
them to turn to God in humility and admit their sins. Even when told of a
tragedy that caused many deaths, he repeated this difficult theme: "Unless
you repent, you will all likewise perish" (Luke 13:1–5).
We love one of these sayings of Jesus. We repeat it often, paste it onto felt
banners, and print it on refrigerator magnets. We mostly ignore those on
repentance. This says more about us than it does about Jesus.
One thing it says is that we live in a time when it's hard to talk about
Christian faith at all, much less awkward topics like repentance. (No era
finds repentance easy, but many have found it easier to talk about.)
Paradoxically, we live in a very easy time. We are the wealthiest,
healthiest, most comfortable generation in history. With less to struggle
for, we become increasingly oriented toward pleasure. This all-too-natural
inclination is what most unites us. America is a place of wild diversity, but
we all meet at the shopping mall.
Whining Spiritual Babies
We're confirmed in this quest for comfort by a ceaseless stream of
advertising messages. These tell us who we are: special, precious people with
no faults, who deserve to feel better than we do. Ads tell us, "Your wife
(boss, teenager, classmate) doesn't understand you, but we do. Here, buy
this, and you'll feel better." Advertising invites us to be big babies—an
invitation that fallen human nature has always found hard to resist.
Try telling a person who's been discipled by advertising that he's a sinner.
A hundred years ago, a preacher would have seen heads nod in recognition at
that familiar concept. But today's consumer is likely to be shocked—and
baffled. How could he be a sinner? All he knows is that he's unhappy because
he does not have his fair share of stuff, and he isn't appreciated enough by
those around him. Original sin? He will readily agree that everyone else
keeps letting him down. That he's estranged from the one, holy God and needs
to be reconciled? He's likely to respond, "So who's this God who thinks he's
better than us?" Bring up Judgment Day, and you'll get to see someone
genuinely appalled; the very idea just sounds so *judgmental*.
In trying to reach this seeker, the church has been given a severely reduced
pack of options. Since he is aware only of seeking comfort, it looks like
that's what we have to headline in any message we send. Neither this need,
nor our response, is untrue. A profound sense of unease and dislocation is
indeed part of the human condition, because sin has estranged us from God.
"I'm Mr. Lonely" is the theme song of everyone on Earth. The church has the
only authentic solution to this problem, because we bear the Good News of
reconciliation through Jesus Christ.
The problem comes when we never get around to talking about the hard part of
the Good News. The problem can even be that we start forgetting it ourselves,
and start believing that consolation is the main reason Jesus came. But
what's wrong with us required much more than a hug; it required the Cross. It
doesn't seem this way; we too, have been catechized by the world and
reflexively think of ourselves as needy, wronged children. We'd rather feel
as if we're victims of a cruel world than admit we are contributors to the
world's cruelty, lost sinners who perversely love our lostness, clinging to
our treasured sins like a drowning man to an anvil.
How bizarre such language seems today. We look around our neighborhood and
our congregation and everyone seems so *nice*. We know what really wicked
people are like—we see them in the papers every day—and we're not like that.
God must find us, in comparison, quite endearing. And of course he knows the
hurts we bear deep inside, and anyone who's been hurt can't be bad (I call
this the "victims are sinless" fallacy). With these and a thousand other
sweet murmurs we shield ourselves from our real condition and remain
Christian babies all our lives: pampered, ineffective, whiney, and numb.
Repentance Is Joy
Jesus didn't come just to save us from the *penalty* for our sins; he came to
save us from our *sins*—now, today, if we will only respond to the challenge
and let him. A nation of grownup Christians, courageous, confident, humble,
and holy, would be more compelling than any smiley-face ad campaign. The Lord
does not love us for our good parts and pass over the rest. He died for the
bad parts and will not rest until they are put right. We must stop thinking
of God as infinitely indulgent. We must begin to grapple with the scary and
exhilarating truth that he is infinitely holy, and that he wants the same for
us.
I propose that we recover the ideas of sin and repentance, and reinstate them
at the heart of all we do. Such words make us uncomfortable, and raise images
that come more from old movies than Scripture. "Repent!" is what's on the
soundtrack when a sweating, shouting preacher in a string tie starts slamming
his Bible around and making everybody cower. But the meaning of repentance in
Scripture and the early church was very different. It was part of the good
news, so any bad-news associations we find lying around are just plain wrong.
A good place to start is with the word repentance, or the Greek metanoia,
meaning a change of mind. (The Hebrew word is shub, which means to change
from the wrong to the right path.) Metanoia is a compound word; "meta" is a
versatile preposition that here denotes transformation. Metamorphosis is
change of shape; metanoia is a change of the "nous," or the innermost
consciousness, a region that lies below both rational thought and emotion.
"Be transformed by the renewal of your mind [nous]," Paul wrote, and the
devotional classic "The Shepherd" (A.D. 140) says, "Repentance is great
understanding." Repentance is not blubbering and self-loathing. It is insight.
The insight is about our true condition. We begin to see our fallen
inclinations the way God does, and realize how deep-rooted is the rottenness
in our hearts. This awareness grows slowly, over many years, because he
mercifully shows us only a little at a time. But he sees it all. His is like
the eye of a surgeon, which sees through to the sickness deepest within.
There is no other way for us to be healed. It's when the surgeon says, "All
we can do is keep him comfortable," that you're really in trouble.
Some will object, "But I don't think I'm a fine person. I hate myself. I feel
ashamed and like a failure all the time." That miserable feeling can be pride
with a twist: we have an inflated idea of how wonderful we can be, and find
the inevitable failures crushing. God's assessment of our abilities is more
accurate to begin with, so he doesn't share our surprised dismay. Repentance,
"great understanding," replaces our distorted self-image with God's
perspective.
Other times the wash of self-hatred is due to feelings of hopelessness. We
have all committed a millions wrongs, large and small. We can get stuck
there, aware that God forgives us but unable to apply that fact, and feeling
bound to continue to fail. It seems like there's no solution, so we sit in
the garbage pile feeling miserable.
This is not repentance; this is despair. The early church differentiated
between the two, perceiving that healthy repentance is vigorous and
clear-minded, while despair is debilitating, and in fact sinful. Isaiah, a
fifth-century Egyptian monk, warned against the kind of sadness that "sets
off numerous diabolical mechanisms until your strength is sapped. The sadness
according to God, on the other hand, is joy . . . It says to the soul, ‘Do
not be afraid! Up! Return!' God knows that man is weak, and strengthens him."
"Sadness according to God," repentance, is joy. Initially we fear looking
squarely at our sins, lest we get overwhelmed. But the reverse turns out to
be true. The more we see the depth of our sin, the more we realize the height
of God's love. The constant companion of repentance is gratitude. Like the
woman who washed Jesus' feet with her tears, we are forgiven much and
discover endless love. Seeing our sin becomes, paradoxically, an opportunity
for joy.
Then we are free indeed: free from any need to hide, to conceal or impress,
to make excuses for ourselves, to demand our fair share. Free to love God
with abandon, free to love others without bargaining and conditions. Free to
love even those who hurt us because, ultimately, nothing can hurt us. Knowing
our own sin, we pray for all other sinners, asking God to show them the mercy
he has given so abundantly to us.
A gospel of comfort, on the other hand, is a gospel of minimal expectations.
Christianity is one of the great world religions, and the greatest spiritual
power in history. But we don't act like it. We act like once people are in
the door and make a statement of faith, the whole thing is over. Paul
envisioned something more like a transformation, Christ living in us and we
in him.
A story is told about a desert monk of the early church, Abba Joseph. A young
monk came to him and said, "As far as I can I say my prayers, I fast a
little, try to live in peace and keep my thoughts pure. What else can I do?"
Abba Joseph stood up and spread out his hands toward heaven, and each of his
fingertips was lit with flame. He said to the young monk, "If you want to,
you can be totally fire." The challenge is ours as well: What, really, do we
want?
[Sidebar] A Daily Repentance Workout
As we gradually gain more insight into ourselves, we are able, with God's
grace, to find ways to resist habitual sin and grow in self-control. We gain
strength bit by bit, like an athlete striving for the prize, as Paul said.
Gradually we reclaim more and more of ourselves and offer it to God's
transforming light. Thus the Holy Spirit works within us, sanctifying us from
the inside out.
>From the earliest centuries, Christians have identified certain practices
that have been helpful to the "athlete in training." Here are some of them:
• Fasting. People are beset by all different temptations, but everybody eats.
Restricting foods—not necessarily a total fast, but simply declining
favorites for a time—can be a way of strengthening the "willpower muscle" to
be ready when needed to handle a bigger temptation. An athlete doesn't lift
weights just so he can lift more weights. Those healthy muscles are ready for
any situation he meets. Turn down a doughnut today, and tomorrow you might be
able to resist calling the driver in front of you an idiot.
• Bite your tongue. Yes, not calling someone an idiot is a frequent theme in
Scripture and early Christian writings. Both place great emphasis on
controlling anger, perhaps as much as on sexual continence. Jesus said the
penalty for calling your brother a fool was "the hell of fire." "Your
brother" includes people who can't hear you, like politicians on tv. It's not
the harm to them that's at stake so much as the surging, disorienting pride
in your own heart.
• Mind your thoughts. Jesus said that to commit adultery in the imagination
is the equivalent of committing it in fact. Nearly all sins begin with
thinking about sin. Control the thoughts and you have a good head start on
behavior. You may not be able to keep thoughts from appearing, but you can
decline to entertain them; birds fly overhead, but you don't have to let them
nest in your hair. Paul counsels that we think about things that are true,
lovely, gracious, excellent, and praiseworthy, so you might want to read some
Dickens tonight instead of watching that sleazy sitcom.
• Practice humility. Humility is not the same as resisting the urge to show
off (which is modesty) or denying that you have gifts and talents (which is
lying). Humility is remembering that you have a beam in your eye. In every
situation remember what God knows about you, and how much you have been
forgiven. You might think you can fool people, but no matter how charming you
appear, spiritually you have spinach in your teeth. Account yourself the
"chief of sinners" and be gracious toward the failings of others. Overlook
insults and be kind to those who misuse you. Be swift to admit when you're
wrong. Ask others to forgive you, and forgive them without asking if you want
God to forgive you.
• Pray constantly. Try always to recall that God is with you, dwelling in
you. (This helps a great deal in controlling thoughts.) For more than 1,500
years, some Christians have tried to do this by forming the habit of praying,
"Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me" all the time, a kind of
background music to other thoughts. It not only helps one resist more
turbulent thoughts and deeds, but also creates a kind of mental foyer in
which thoughts and impulses can be examined before they're allowed inside.
• Ask God to help you repent. We really don't want to do this, and we find a
million excuses to change the subject. Read stories about repentant sinners,
like John Newton, the slave dealer who wrote "Amazing Grace," or the once
promiscuous Mary of Egypt. Those are reasonable models for you, not an
ivory-tower saint. Keep thinking of yourself as the Prodigal Son. Think over
your deeds and conversations each evening and look for areas to improve. Read
Psalm 51 before bed every night. Someday you may actually believe it.
********
Frederica Mathewes-Green
www.frederica.com
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