Ken Chen wrote:
When I use 'top' command to check my system, some processes are shown like
'<php>'. The manual told these processes are swapped out.
But my problem is .. I don't have swapping device (swapoff -a). Where are
they swapped to ?
last pid: 29144; load averages: 0.69, 0.67, 0.82
up 19+11:25:27 21:05:03
89 processes: 1 running, 88 sleeping
CPU states: 1.2% user, 0.0% nice, 0.9% system, 0.0% interrupt,
97.8%idle
Mem: 309M Active, 27M Inact, 127M Wired, 19M Cache, 60M Buf, 4136K Free
Swap:
PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE C TIME WCPU COMMAND
29141 nobody 1 4 0 37164K 15932K select 0 0:00 4.55% php
28856 nobody 1 4 -15 36936K 7612K sbwait 0 0:44 1.66% php
.
.
.
29116 nobody 1 4 -15 33732K 13140K accept 0 0:00 0.00% php
24937 nobody 1 8 -15 31740K 0K wait 1 0:00 0.00% <php>
24948 nobody 1 8 -15 31740K 0K wait 0 0:00 0.00% <php>
24931 nobody 1 8 -15 31740K 0K wait 0 0:00 0.00% <php>
24950 nobody 1 8 -15 31740K 0K wait 1 0:00 0.00% <php>
24932 nobody 1 8 -15 31740K 220K wait 1 0:00 0.00% php
The <> are only used when the process flag PS_INMEM is clear, which is
supposed to indicate that the process is or is not "in memory". This flag
is only ever cleared in swapout, called from swapout_procs. My bet is that
the processes are being marked for swap but the dirty pages never actually
go anywhere since you don't have a backing store. Maybe someone more
familiar with the inner workings of the VM system can fill us in on what
happens on a system with no swap.
Bill LeFebvre
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