This message is based on a recent log entry of mine. It describes how to print to PDF on FreeDOS. In my example, i take a screenshot and print it using the COPY command. However, the method should work with most DOS programs that can print to an Epson printer. All of the utilities used in this post include source except for Ladybug LOGO, which is what i took a screenshot of, and it is merely freeware. You can fetch the gopher links using either curl or lynx.
-Ben # Printing to PDF on FreeDOS I wanted to print from DOS applications, but i no longer have a hardware printer. After some tinkering, i came up with the following solution in FreeDOS. Note that this process does not work in dosbox nor in dosbox-x. The first thing i learned is that the most common type of printer for DOS is Epson Esc/P. See the link below for a detailed reference to Esc/P printer language. * Esc/P Reference https://files.support.epson.com/pdf/general/escp2ref.pdf First, the ingredients for this recipe: * Ghostscript (FreeDOS) http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/micro/pc-stuff/freedos/files/util/unix/ghostscript/8.71/gs871.7z * Ladybug LOGO (Simtelnet) http://cd.textfiles.com/simtel/simtel20/MSDOS/LOGO/LADYBUG.ZIP * NetPBM (DJGPP) http://www.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2apps/npbm916b.zip * PRN2FILE (Garbo) http://cd.textfiles.com/garbo/PC/PRINTER/PRN2FIL3.ZIP * SNARF screen shot utility http://pixelmetrics.com/Snarf/Snarf.zip * EscParse Esc/P to PDF/PS/SVG converter by Nikita Zimin gopher://tilde.pink/1/~bencollver/files/dos/util/escparse/escparse.zip * Filter to fix Epson printer graphics output by NetPBM gopher://tilde.pink/1/~bencollver/files/dos/util/escpfltr/escpfltr.zip For this example, i chose to use Ladybug LOGO, which i described in an earlier log entry: * Ladybug Quest gopher://tilde.pink/1/~bencollver/log/2018-01-27-ladybug-quest/ I unzipped all of the "ingredients" and made sure they were in my path. I saved a simple LOGO program called flwrlife.bug: ``` C:\>cd \ladybug C:\ladybug>copy con flwrlife.bug to circle :size :angle repeat ( 360 / :angle ) [ fd :size rt :angle ] end home cs ht rt 90 repeat 6 [ circle 1 1 rt 60 ] ^Z ``` I ran the snarf screen shot utility, then ran the LOGO program: ``` C:\ladybug>snarf.exe C:\ladybug>ladybug.exe ? load flwrlife.bug ``` I pressed Alt+S to take a screenshot. * Ladybug flower of life screenshot gopher://tilde.pink/1/~bencollver/log/2022-06-15-print-quest/ladybug-screenshot.png I quit LOGO: ``` ? bye ``` I converted the screenshot to Esc/P data using NetPBM. By the way, when i run NetPBM's Epson graphics through a printer emulator, the graphical output is staggered and incoherent. For this reason i wrote escpfltr to add a carriage return before each line of graphics and unstagger them. ``` C:\ladybug>bmptoppm.exe SNARF000.BMP >flwrlife.pnm bmptoppm.exe: Windows BMP, 320x200x4 C:\ladybug>ppmtopgm.exe flwrlife.pnm >flwrlife.pgm C:\ladybug>pgmtopbm.exe flwrlife.pgm >flwrlife.pbm C:\ladybug>pnmmerge.exe pnminvert flwrlife.pbm >inverted.pbm C:\ladybug>pbmmerge.exe pbmtoepson inverted.pbm >inverted.esc C:\ladybug>escpfltr.com <inverted.esc >flwrlife.esc ``` I found an old utility named prn2file that captures the print job being sent to the printer. It works even when there is no printer attached. I used options to save to C:\print.out using a 64KB buffer. Note that prn2file does not work in dosbox nor in dosbox-x. ``` C:\ladybug>prn2file.com /b64 /f C:\print.out PRN2FILE 1.1 (c) 1987 Ziff Communications Co. Modifications (c) 1991 Automated Answers LPT1 Redirected to: C:\print.out ``` Then i used the COPY command to "print" the screenshot. It is important to pass the /b option. This uses an ioctl() to set binary mode. Otherwise, DOS will truncate the print data the first time it sees a Ctrl-Z (ASCII character 26, SUB). I used prn2file to ensure that the whole print job was flushed to disk. ``` C:\ladybug>copy /b flwrlife.esc prn C:\ladybug>prn2file.com PRN2FILE 1.1 (c) 1987 Ziff Communications Co. Modifications (c) 1991 Automated Answers LPT1 Redirected to: PRN ``` Then i compared the captured print job data to the original file. ``` C:\ladybug>comp flwrlife.esc \print.out Files compare OK. ``` What can i do with these captured print jobs on DOS? The "escparse" utility can convert Esc/P to PDF. I could copy the PDF to a thumb drive and print it from another computer. Because the DOS PDF viewers don't work well for me, i'll also convert the PDF to JPEG page images to preview using the links browser. ``` C:\ladybug>escparse.exe -pdf C:\print.out >flwrlife.pdf ESCParser utility by Nikita Zimin Jun 15 2022 17:08:37 Pages total: 2 Page 2 C:\ladybug>gs.exe -r72x72 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=4 -dTextAlphaBits=4 -sDEVICE=jpeg -dJPEGQ=90 -o page-%03d.jpg flwrlife.pdf GPL Ghostscript 8.71 (2010-02-10) Copyright (C) 2010 Artifex Software, Inc. All rights reserved. This software comes with NO WARRANTY: see the file PUBLIC for details. Processing pages 1 through 2. Page 1 Page 2 C:\ladybug>c:\freedos\net\links\links.exe -g -mode 640x480x64k page-001.jpg ``` * Screenshot of page image in links browser gopher://tilde.pink/1/~bencollver/log/2022-06-15-print-quest/links-screenshot.jpg Now that was a pretty convoluted process but it has a few advantages. * This will run on bare metal. It does not require any VM software. * This generally works with DOS apps that use an Epson printer. _______________________________________________ Freedos-user mailing list Freedos-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/freedos-user
