On Mon, 25 Jun 2012, Alexander Bokovoy wrote:
On Mon, 25 Jun 2012, Sumit Bose wrote:
Hi Alexander,
On Thu, Jun 21, 2012 at 06:26:02PM +0300, Alexander Bokovoy wrote:
Hi!
Attached is the patch to support external group membership for trusted
domains. This is needed to get proper group membership with the work
Sumit and Jan are doing on both IPA and SSSD sides.
We already have ipaExternalGroup class that includes ipaExternalMember
attribute (multivalued case-insensitive string). The group that has
ipaExternalGroup object class will have to be non-POSIX and
ipaExternalMember
attribute will contain security identifiers (SIDs) of members from
trusted domains.
The patch takes care of three things:
1. Extends 'ipa group-add' with --external option to add
ipaExternalGroup object class to a new group
2. Modifies 'ipa group-add-member' to accept --external CSV argument
to specify SIDs
3. Modifies 'ipa group-del-member' to allow removing external members.
thank you for the patch, it works as expected, but I have a few
comments:
- there is a trailing whitespace at the end of the "This means we can't
check the correctness of a trusted domain SIDs" line
- when using ipa group-add-member with --external there are still prompt
for [member user] and [member group], can those be suppressed?
- with ipa group-mod --posix it is possible to add the posxiGroup
objectclass together with a GID to the extern group object. This
should result in an error and also the other way round, adding
--external to Posix groups.
Updated patch is attached. It fixes whitespace and group-mod.
New revision.
--
/ Alexander Bokovoy
>From 7c376e99e939a8aaf39eca2f195de93e2cb7ae8f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Bokovoy <aboko...@redhat.com>
Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2012 16:08:33 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 10/12] Add support for external group members
When using ipaExternalGroup/ipaExternalMember attributes it is
possible to add group members which don't exist in IPA database.
This is primarily is required for AD trusts support and therefore
validation is accepting only secure identifier (SID) format.
https://fedorahosted.org/freeipa/ticket/2664
---
API.txt | 12 +++--
ipalib/errors.py | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++
ipalib/plugins/baseldap.py | 18 +++++--
ipalib/plugins/group.py | 111 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
ipalib/plugins/trust.py | 4 ++
ipaserver/dcerpc.py | 93 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
6 files changed, 266 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)
diff --git a/API.txt b/API.txt
index
9d91832d995d605b161c13a5ec915f5d84f1d515..ccae47a947c180c0c85658bc393a0d38d4b32c0d
100644
--- a/API.txt
+++ b/API.txt
@@ -1196,13 +1196,14 @@ output: Output('total', <type 'int'>, None)
output: Output('count', <type 'int'>, None)
output: Output('summary', (<type 'unicode'>, <type 'NoneType'>), None)
command: group_add
-args: 1,8,3
+args: 1,9,3
arg: Str('cn', attribute=True, cli_name='group_name', maxlength=255,
multivalue=False,
pattern='^[a-zA-Z0-9_.][a-zA-Z0-9_.-]{0,252}[a-zA-Z0-9_.$-]?$',
primary_key=True, required=True)
option: Str('description', attribute=True, cli_name='desc', multivalue=False,
required=True)
option: Int('gidnumber', attribute=True, cli_name='gid', minvalue=1,
multivalue=False, required=False)
option: Str('setattr*', cli_name='setattr', exclude='webui')
option: Str('addattr*', cli_name='addattr', exclude='webui')
option: Flag('nonposix', autofill=True, cli_name='nonposix', default=False)
+option: Flag('external', autofill=True, cli_name='external', default=False)
option: Flag('all', autofill=True, cli_name='all', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Flag('raw', autofill=True, cli_name='raw', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Str('version?', exclude='webui')
@@ -1210,8 +1211,9 @@ output: Output('summary', (<type 'unicode'>, <type
'NoneType'>), None)
output: Entry('result', <type 'dict'>, Gettext('A dictionary representing an
LDAP entry', domain='ipa', localedir=None))
output: Output('value', <type 'unicode'>, None)
command: group_add_member
-args: 1,5,3
+args: 1,6,3
arg: Str('cn', attribute=True, cli_name='group_name', maxlength=255,
multivalue=False,
pattern='^[a-zA-Z0-9_.][a-zA-Z0-9_.-]{0,252}[a-zA-Z0-9_.$-]?$',
primary_key=True, query=True, required=True)
+option: Str('ipaexternalmember*', cli_name='external', csv=True)
option: Flag('all', autofill=True, cli_name='all', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Flag('raw', autofill=True, cli_name='raw', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Str('version?', exclude='webui')
@@ -1265,7 +1267,7 @@ output: ListOfEntries('result', (<type 'list'>, <type
'tuple'>), Gettext('A list
output: Output('count', <type 'int'>, None)
output: Output('truncated', <type 'bool'>, None)
command: group_mod
-args: 1,11,3
+args: 1,12,3
arg: Str('cn', attribute=True, cli_name='group_name', maxlength=255,
multivalue=False,
pattern='^[a-zA-Z0-9_.][a-zA-Z0-9_.-]{0,252}[a-zA-Z0-9_.$-]?$',
primary_key=True, query=True, required=True)
option: Str('description', attribute=True, autofill=False, cli_name='desc',
multivalue=False, required=False)
option: Int('gidnumber', attribute=True, autofill=False, cli_name='gid',
minvalue=1, multivalue=False, required=False)
@@ -1274,6 +1276,7 @@ option: Str('addattr*', cli_name='addattr',
exclude='webui')
option: Str('delattr*', cli_name='delattr', exclude='webui')
option: Flag('rights', autofill=True, default=False)
option: Flag('posix', autofill=True, cli_name='posix', default=False)
+option: Flag('external', autofill=True, cli_name='external', default=False)
option: Flag('all', autofill=True, cli_name='all', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Flag('raw', autofill=True, cli_name='raw', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Str('version?', exclude='webui')
@@ -1282,8 +1285,9 @@ output: Output('summary', (<type 'unicode'>, <type
'NoneType'>), None)
output: Entry('result', <type 'dict'>, Gettext('A dictionary representing an
LDAP entry', domain='ipa', localedir=None))
output: Output('value', <type 'unicode'>, None)
command: group_remove_member
-args: 1,5,3
+args: 1,6,3
arg: Str('cn', attribute=True, cli_name='group_name', maxlength=255,
multivalue=False,
pattern='^[a-zA-Z0-9_.][a-zA-Z0-9_.-]{0,252}[a-zA-Z0-9_.$-]?$',
primary_key=True, query=True, required=True)
+option: Str('ipaexternalmember*', cli_name='external', csv=True)
option: Flag('all', autofill=True, cli_name='all', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Flag('raw', autofill=True, cli_name='raw', default=False,
exclude='webui')
option: Str('version?', exclude='webui')
diff --git a/ipalib/errors.py b/ipalib/errors.py
index
407d9f7dbcf79c47193a3087fe6efbc50728c903..c25560b8e9270a65feb5d9866f6dcc99e39675ef
100644
--- a/ipalib/errors.py
+++ b/ipalib/errors.py
@@ -1277,6 +1277,56 @@ class SingleMatchExpected(ExecutionError):
format = _('The search criteria was not specific enough. Expected 1 and
found %(found)d.')
+class AlreadyExternalGroup(ExecutionError):
+ """
+ **4028** Raised when a group is already an external member group
+
+ For example:
+
+ >>> raise AlreadyExternalGroup
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AlreadyExternalGroup: This group already allows external members
+
+ """
+
+ errno = 4028
+ format = _('This group already allows external members')
+
+class ExternalGroupViolation(ExecutionError):
+ """
+ **4029** Raised when a group is already an external member group
+ and an attempt is made to use it as posix group
+
+ For example:
+
+ >>> raise ExternalGroupViolation
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ ExternalGroupViolation: This group cannot be posix because it is external
+
+ """
+
+ errno = 4029
+ format = _('This group cannot be posix because it is external')
+
+class PosixGroupViolation(ExecutionError):
+ """
+ **4030** Raised when a group is already a posix group
+ and cannot be converted to external
+
+ For example:
+
+ >>> raise PosixGroupViolation
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ PosixGroupViolation: This is already a posix group and cannot be converted
to external one
+
+ """
+
+ errno = 4030
+ format = _('This is already a posix group and cannot be converted to
external one')
+
class BuiltinError(ExecutionError):
"""
**4100** Base class for builtin execution errors (*4100 - 4199*).
diff --git a/ipalib/plugins/baseldap.py b/ipalib/plugins/baseldap.py
index
475222a6a30863bcc536e1746bf5b338a4e42448..a1c8c2fbafec979c36978e04e752e8a20066e949
100644
--- a/ipalib/plugins/baseldap.py
+++ b/ipalib/plugins/baseldap.py
@@ -362,6 +362,9 @@ def add_external_post_callback(memberattr, membertype,
externalattr, ldap, compl
externalattr is one of externaluser,
"""
completed_external = 0
+ normalize = True
+ if 'external_callback_normalize' in options:
+ normalize = options['external_callback_normalize']
# Sift through the failures. We assume that these are all
# entries that aren't stored in IPA, aka external entries.
if memberattr in failed and membertype in failed[memberattr]:
@@ -373,9 +376,13 @@ def add_external_post_callback(memberattr, membertype,
externalattr, ldap, compl
membername = entry[0].lower()
member_dn = api.Object[membertype].get_dn(membername)
if membername not in external_entries and \
- member_dn not in members:
+ entry[0] not in external_entries and \
+ member_dn not in members:
# Not an IPA entry, assume external
- external_entries.append(membername)
+ if normalize:
+ external_entries.append(membername)
+ else:
+ external_entries.append(entry[0])
completed_external += 1
elif membername in external_entries and \
member_dn not in members:
@@ -409,8 +416,11 @@ def remove_external_post_callback(memberattr, membertype,
externalattr, ldap, co
completed_external = 0
for entry in failed[memberattr][membertype]:
membername = entry[0].lower()
- if membername in external_entries:
- external_entries.remove(membername)
+ if membername in external_entries or entry[0] in external_entries:
+ try:
+ external_entries.remove(membername)
+ except ValueError:
+ external_entries.remove(entry[0])
completed_external += 1
else:
failed_entries.append(membername)
diff --git a/ipalib/plugins/group.py b/ipalib/plugins/group.py
index
65657363a463fb0ccb07133c9c84e17b15ffee42..1a6959912e9a6caa556bc164cd9e9ef81574494c
100644
--- a/ipalib/plugins/group.py
+++ b/ipalib/plugins/group.py
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ from ipalib import api
from ipalib import Int, Str
from ipalib.plugins.baseldap import *
from ipalib import _, ngettext
+if api.env.in_server and api.env.context in ['lite', 'server']:
+ try:
+ import ipaserver.dcerpc
+ _dcerpc_bindings_installed = True
+ except Exception, e:
+ _dcerpc_bindings_installed = False
__doc__ = _("""
Groups of users
@@ -83,19 +89,18 @@ class group(LDAPObject):
object_name_plural = _('groups')
object_class = ['ipausergroup']
object_class_config = 'ipagroupobjectclasses'
- possible_objectclasses = ['posixGroup', 'mepManagedEntry']
+ possible_objectclasses = ['posixGroup', 'mepManagedEntry',
'ipaExternalGroup']
search_attributes_config = 'ipagroupsearchfields'
default_attributes = [
'cn', 'description', 'gidnumber', 'member', 'memberof',
- 'memberindirect', 'memberofindirect',
+ 'memberindirect', 'memberofindirect', 'ipaexternalmember',
]
uuid_attribute = 'ipauniqueid'
attribute_members = {
'member': ['user', 'group'],
'memberof': ['group', 'netgroup', 'role', 'hbacrule', 'sudorule'],
'memberindirect': ['user', 'group'],
- 'memberofindirect': ['group', 'netgroup', 'role', 'hbacrule',
- 'sudorule'],
+ 'memberofindirect': ['group', 'netgroup', 'role', 'hbacrule',
'sudorule'],
}
rdn_is_primary_key = True
@@ -139,10 +144,22 @@ class group_add(LDAPCreate):
doc=_('Create as a non-POSIX group'),
default=False,
),
+ Flag('external',
+ cli_name='external',
+ doc=_('Allow adding external non-IPA members from trusted
domains'),
+ default=False,
+ ),
)
def pre_callback(self, ldap, dn, entry_attrs, attrs_list, *keys,
**options):
- if not options['nonposix']:
+ # As both 'external' and 'nonposix' options have default= set for
+ # them, they will always be present in options dict, thus we can
+ # safely reference the values
+ if options['external']:
+ entry_attrs['objectclass'].append('ipaexternalgroup')
+ if 'gidnumber' in options:
+ raise errors.RequirementError(name='gid')
+ elif not options['nonposix']:
entry_attrs['objectclass'].append('posixgroup')
if not 'gidnumber' in options:
entry_attrs['gidnumber'] = 999
@@ -194,11 +211,18 @@ class group_mod(LDAPUpdate):
cli_name='posix',
doc=_('change to a POSIX group'),
),
+ Flag('external',
+ cli_name='external',
+ doc=_('change to support external non-IPA members from trusted
domains'),
+ default=False,
+ ),
)
def pre_callback(self, ldap, dn, entry_attrs, *keys, **options):
- if options['posix'] or 'gidnumber' in options:
+ if ('posix' in options and options['posix']) or 'gidnumber' in options:
(dn, old_entry_attrs) = ldap.get_entry(dn, ['objectclass'])
+ if 'ipaexternalgroup' in old_entry_attrs['objectclass']:
+ raise errors.ExternalGroupViolation()
if 'posixgroup' in old_entry_attrs['objectclass']:
if options['posix']:
raise errors.AlreadyPosixGroup()
@@ -207,6 +231,15 @@ class group_mod(LDAPUpdate):
entry_attrs['objectclass'] = old_entry_attrs['objectclass']
if not 'gidnumber' in options:
entry_attrs['gidnumber'] = 999
+ if options['external']:
+ (dn, old_entry_attrs) = ldap.get_entry(dn, ['objectclass'])
+ if 'posixgroup' in old_entry_attrs['objectclass']:
+ raise errors.PosixGroupViolation()
+ if 'ipaexternalgroup' in old_entry_attrs['objectclass']:
+ raise errors.AlreadyExternalGroup()
+ else:
+ old_entry_attrs['objectclass'].append('ipaexternalgroup')
+ entry_attrs['objectclass'] = old_entry_attrs['objectclass']
# Can't check for this in a validator because we lack context
if 'gidnumber' in options and options['gidnumber'] is None:
raise errors.RequirementError(name='gid')
@@ -274,12 +307,64 @@ api.register(group_show)
class group_add_member(LDAPAddMember):
__doc__ = _('Add members to a group.')
+ takes_options = (
+ Str('ipaexternalmember*',
+ cli_name='external',
+ label=_('External member'),
+ doc=_('comma-separated SIDs of members of a trusted domain'),
+ csv=True,
+ flags=['no_create', 'no_update', 'no_search'],
+ ),
+ )
+
+ def post_callback(self, ldap, completed, failed, dn, entry_attrs, *keys,
**options):
+ result = (completed, dn)
+ if 'ipaexternalmember' in options:
+ if not _dcerpc_bindings_installed:
+ raise errors.NotFound(name=_('AD Trust'),
+ reason=_('''Cannot perform external member validation
without Samba 4 support installed.
+ Make sure you have installed server-trust-ad
sub-package of IPA on the server'''))
+ domain_validator = ipaserver.dcerpc.DomainValidator(self.api)
+ if not domain_validator.is_configured():
+ raise errors.NotFound(name=_('AD Trust setup'),
+ reason=_('''Cannot perform join operation without own
domain configured.
+ Make sure you have run ipa-adtrust-install
on the IPA server first'''))
+ sids = []
+ failed_sids = []
+ for sid in options['ipaexternalmember']:
+ if domain_validator.is_trusted_sid_valid(sid):
+ sids.append(sid)
+ else:
+ failed_sids.append((sid, 'Not a trusted domain SID'))
+ if len(sids) == 0:
+ raise errors.ValidationError(name=_('external member'),
+ error=_('values are not
recognized as valid SIDs from trusted domain'))
+ restore = []
+ if 'member' in failed and 'group' in failed['member']:
+ restore = failed['member']['group']
+ failed['member']['group'] = list((id,id) for id in sids)
+ result = add_external_post_callback('member', 'group',
'ipaexternalmember',
+ ldap, completed, failed, dn,
entry_attrs,
+ keys, options,
external_callback_normalize=False)
+ failed['member']['group'] = restore + failed_sids
+ return result
+
api.register(group_add_member)
class group_remove_member(LDAPRemoveMember):
__doc__ = _('Remove members from a group.')
+ takes_options = (
+ Str('ipaexternalmember*',
+ cli_name='external',
+ label=_('External member'),
+ doc=_('comma-separated SIDs of members of a trusted domain'),
+ csv=True,
+ flags=['no_create', 'no_update', 'no_search'],
+ ),
+ )
+
def pre_callback(self, ldap, dn, found, not_found, *keys, **options):
if keys[0] == protected_group_name:
result = api.Command.group_show(protected_group_name)
@@ -290,6 +375,20 @@ class group_remove_member(LDAPRemoveMember):
label=_(u'group'), container=protected_group_name)
return dn
+ def post_callback(self, ldap, completed, failed, dn, entry_attrs, *keys,
**options):
+ result = (completed, dn)
+ if 'ipaexternalmember' in options:
+ sids = options['ipaexternalmember']
+ restore = list()
+ if 'member' in failed and 'group' in failed['member']:
+ restore = failed['member']['group']
+ failed['member']['group'] = list((id,id) for id in sids)
+ result = remove_external_post_callback('member', 'group',
'ipaexternalmember',
+ ldap, completed, failed, dn,
entry_attrs,
+ keys, options)
+ failed['member']['group'] = restore
+ return result
+
api.register(group_remove_member)
diff --git a/ipalib/plugins/trust.py b/ipalib/plugins/trust.py
index
71ca23abae393fff68e366bba96050deba3d3281..40bd93e654c0365ad202abfd82e84345583459dd
100644
--- a/ipalib/plugins/trust.py
+++ b/ipalib/plugins/trust.py
@@ -171,6 +171,10 @@ class trust_add(LDAPCreate):
realm_server = options['realm_server']
trustinstance = ipaserver.dcerpc.TrustDomainJoins(self.api)
+ if not trustinstance.configured:
+ raise errors.NotFound(name=_('AD Trust setup'),
+ reason=_('''Cannot perform join operation without own domain
configured.
+ Make sure you have run ipa-adtrust-install on
the IPA server first'''))
# 1. Full access to the remote domain. Use admin credentials and
# generate random trustdom password to do work on both sides
diff --git a/ipaserver/dcerpc.py b/ipaserver/dcerpc.py
index
3bc8b63af3f416cc45cb75c76fd7b9587f367e3e..07e40c2d35b41a2665232f3e6d853b47aef707bb
100644
--- a/ipaserver/dcerpc.py
+++ b/ipaserver/dcerpc.py
@@ -58,6 +58,79 @@ class ExtendedDNControl(_ldap.controls.RequestControl):
def encodeControlValue(self):
return '0\x03\x02\x01\x01'
+class DomainValidator(object):
+ ATTR_FLATNAME = 'ipantflatname'
+ ATTR_SID = 'ipantsecurityidentifier'
+ ATTR_TRUSTED_SID = 'ipanttrusteddomainsid'
+
+ def __init__(self, api):
+ self.api = api
+ self.ldap = self.api.Backend.ldap2
+ self.domain = None
+ self.flatname = None
+ self.dn = None
+ self.sid = None
+ self._domains = None
+
+ def is_configured(self):
+ cn_trust_local = DN(('cn', self.api.env.domain),
self.api.env.container_cifsdomains, self.api.env.basedn)
+ try:
+ (dn, entry_attrs) = self.ldap.get_entry(unicode(cn_trust_local),
[self.ATTR_FLATNAME, self.ATTR_SID])
+ self.flatname = entry_attrs[self.ATTR_FLATNAME][0]
+ self.sid = entry_attrs[self.ATTR_SID][0]
+ self.dn = dn
+ self.domain = self.api.env.domain
+ except errors.NotFound, e:
+ return False
+ return True
+
+ def get_trusted_domains(self):
+ cn_trust = DN(('cn', 'ad'), self.api.env.container_trusts,
self.api.env.basedn)
+ try:
+ search_kw = {'objectClass': 'ipaNTTrustedDomain'}
+ filter = self.ldap.make_filter(search_kw,
rules=self.ldap.MATCH_ALL)
+ (entries, truncated) = self.ldap.find_entries(filter=filter,
base_dn=unicode(cn_trust),
+
attrs_list=[self.ATTR_TRUSTED_SID, 'dn'])
+
+ return entries
+ except errors.NotFound, e:
+ return []
+
+ def is_trusted_sid_valid(self, sid):
+ if not self.domain:
+ # our domain is not configured or self.is_configured() never run
+ # reject SIDs as we can't check correctness of them
+ return False
+ # Parse sid string to see if it is really in a SID format
+ try:
+ test_sid = security.dom_sid(sid)
+ except TypeError:
+ return False
+ (dom, sid_rid) = test_sid.split()
+ sid_dom = str(dom)
+ # Now we have domain prefix of the sid as sid_dom string and can
+ # analyze it against known prefixes
+ if sid_dom.find(security.SID_NT_AUTHORITY) != 0:
+ # Ignore any potential SIDs that are not S-1-5-*
+ return False
+ if sid_dom.find(self.sid) == 0:
+ # A SID from our own domain cannot be treated as trusted domain's
SID
+ return False
+ # At this point we have SID_NT_AUTHORITY family SID and really need to
+ # check it against prefixes of domain SIDs we trust to
+ if not self._domains:
+ self._domains = self.get_trusted_domains()
+ if len(self._domains) == 0:
+ # Our domain is configured but no trusted domains are configured
+ # This means we can't check the correctness of a trusted domain
SIDs
+ return False
+ # We have non-zero list of trusted domains and have to go through them
+ # one by one and check their sids as prefixes
+ for (dn, domaininfo) in self._domains:
+ if sid_dom.find(domaininfo[self.ATTR_TRUSTED_SID][0]) == 0:
+ return True
+ return False
+
class TrustDomainInstance(object):
def __init__(self, hostname, creds=None):
@@ -247,20 +320,18 @@ class TrustDomainInstance(object):
self._pipe.CreateTrustedDomainEx2(self._policy_handle, info,
self.auth_info, security.SEC_STD_DELETE)
class TrustDomainJoins(object):
- ATTR_FLATNAME = 'ipantflatname'
-
def __init__(self, api):
self.api = api
self.local_domain = None
self.remote_domain = None
- self.ldap = self.api.Backend.ldap2
- cn_trust_local = DN(('cn', self.api.env.domain),
self.api.env.container_cifsdomains, self.api.env.basedn)
- (dn, entry_attrs) = self.ldap.get_entry(unicode(cn_trust_local),
[self.ATTR_FLATNAME])
- self.local_flatname = entry_attrs[self.ATTR_FLATNAME][0]
- self.local_dn = dn
+ domain_validator = DomainValidator(api)
+ self.configured = domain_validator.is_configured()
- self.__populate_local_domain()
+ if self.configured:
+ self.local_flatname = domain_validator.flatname
+ self.local_dn = domain_validator.dn
+ self.__populate_local_domain()
def __populate_local_domain(self):
# Initialize local domain info using kerberos only
@@ -308,6 +379,9 @@ class TrustDomainJoins(object):
self.remote_domain = rd
def join_ad_full_credentials(self, realm, realm_server, realm_admin,
realm_passwd):
+ if not self.configured:
+ return None
+
self.__populate_remote_domain(realm, realm_server, realm_admin,
realm_passwd)
if not self.remote_domain.read_only:
trustdom_pass = samba.generate_random_password(128, 128)
@@ -317,6 +391,9 @@ class TrustDomainJoins(object):
return None
def join_ad_ipa_half(self, realm, realm_server, trustdom_passwd):
+ if not self.configured:
+ return None
+
self.__populate_remote_domain(realm, realm_server, realm_passwd=None)
self.local_domain.establish_trust(self.remote_domain, trustdom_passwd)
return dict(local=self.local_domain, remote=self.remote_domain)
--
1.7.10.4
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