Quoting Jochen Fromm <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:

> Just as formal, symmetrical and regular systems can be described by 
> mathematics and 'equation-based modeling', complex systems can 
> in principle be described by a 'NKS' and agent-based modeling 
> - which seems to be more an art than a science. 

In context, I think is a verification issue.  

ABMs are useful for poking around a complicated system to see what matters and 
what doesn't by using a familiar and direct way of describing things, and to 
leave the abstractions for later.  ABMs complement traditional techniques of 
analysis by extending data.

The imperative programming languages that are typically used to make the 
simulations are prone to a variety of programming mistakes but the continue to 
be used because 1) they are common and 2) they provide an easy way to think 
about side effects (e.g. modifications to a landscape).

Equation-based modelling is more like functional programming, e.g. programming 
languages like Haskell that are side-effect free.   I see ABMs moving to these 
kinds of programming languages so that components of a simulation can be shown 
to be correct, and preferably by automated means.  

As a practical matter, I think it isn't a big deal.  Unit testing during 
development by experienced programmers/modelers does a good job of shaking out 
bugs.

Marcus

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