rich: It looks like you were on the righttrack. Good for you
regards michael barron On Mon, Mar 1, 2010 at 10:06 PM, Rich Murray <[email protected]> wrote: > Arthur Hull Hayes Jr. 1933-2010 approved aspartame July 1981 -- NY Times > says, "...can sometimes cause cause incapacitating headaches and even > seizures.": Rich Murray 2010.03.01 > http://rmforall.blogspot.com/2009_03_01_archive.htm > Monday, March 1, 2010 > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1596 > _____________________________________________________ > > > http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/01/health/policy/01hayes.html > > http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/01/health/policy/01hayes.html?pagewanted=print > > March 1, 2010 > Arthur Hayes Jr., Who Led F.D.A. in Tylenol Case, Is Dead at 76 > By Dennis Hevesi > > Arthur Hayes Jr., who while leading the Food and Drug > Administration during the Reagan administration helped calm > consumer fears after a Tylenol poisoning case and, amid some > controversy, approved the use of the artificial sweetener found > in Equal and Nutrasweet, died Feb. 11 in Danbury, Conn. > He was 76 and lived in Oxford, Conn. > > The cause was leukemia, his son, Arthur III, said. > > Dr. Hayes, a pharmacological researcher, was appointed > commissioner of the F.D.A. by President Ronald Reagan > in April 1981. > He served until August 1983. > > The biggest crisis faced by the agency under Dr. Hayes was a > nationwide alarm in 1982 caused by the deaths of seven people in the > Chicago area who had taken Extra-Strength Tylenol capsules laced > with cyanide. > The case remains unsolved. > Under Dr. Hayes's leadership, the government and the drug industry > responded by developing the first federal regulations requiring > tamper-resistant packaging for all over-the-counter drugs. > > In 1981, Dr. Hayes granted approval for the use of the sugar > substitute aspartame in dry foods and as a tabletop sweetener. > Research had found that aspartame was associated with high rates of > cancers in rats that had been given large doses, starting at what would > be the equivalent of four to five 20-ounce bottles of diet soda a day > for a 150-pound person. > > Dr. Hayes insisted that there was no need for people to avoid the > sweetener. > > Marketed as NutraSweet (when used as a food additive) and Equal > (the tabletop version), aspartame is now also used in products like > soft drinks, breakfast cereals, pudding mixes and gum. > Research done after Dr. Hayes's time as commissioner indicated that > aspartame can sometimes cause incapacitating headaches and even > seizures. > > Arthur Hull Hayes Jr. was born in Highland Park, Mich., > on July 18, 1933, one of four children of Arthur and Florence Gruber > Hayes. > His father was president of CBS Radio. > > Dr. Hayes received his bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1955 from > Santa Clara University and then went to Oxford as a Rhodes scholar, > earning a degree in philosophy, politics and economics in 1957. > He returned to the United States to study medicine and graduated > from Cornell University Medical School in 1964. > He served in the Army Medical Corps from 1965 to 1967. > > From 1967 to 1981, Dr. Hayes was an assistant professor of >> > medicine and pharmacology at Cornell. > He later became director of clinical pharmacology at the > Pennsylvania State University medical school. > After leaving the F.D.A., he was dean of New York Medical College > and, in 1986, was named president of E. M. Pharmaceuticals. > > Besides his son, Arthur, he is survived by his wife of 49 years, > the former Barbara Anne Carey; two daughters, Lisa Hayes and > Kathy Saracino; two sisters, Mary Ann Kelley and Florence Hayes; > his brother, Joseph; and eight grandchildren. > _____________________________________________________ > > > methanol (11% of aspartame), made by body into formaldehyde in > many vulnerable tissues, causes modern diseases of civilization, > summary of a century of research, Woodrow C Monte PhD, > Medical Hypotheses journal: Rich Murray 2009.11.15 > http://rmforall.blogspot.com/2009_11_01_archive.htm > Sunday, November 15, 2009 > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1589 > > > opportunities re BA Magnuson, GA Burdock et al., Aspartame > Safety Evaluation 2007 Sept., Critical Reviews in Toxicology: > Rich Murray 2008.07.11 > http://rmforall.blogspot.com/2008_07_01_archive.htm > Friday, July 11, 2008 > > [ This part of the Murray critique starts by quoting from the > Magnuson review: ] > > Following the approval of aspartame, a formal objection was > submitted to the FDA (FDA, 1981) questioning the conclusions > from the rodent studies on aspartame conducted by Searle, and > proposing that aspartame may have the potential to cause brain > tumors in humans. > > This objection resulted in FDA staying the regulation approving the > marketing of aspartame in 1975, and the establishment of a > Public Board of Inquiry to reexamine the studies submitted > by Searle to the FDA. > > Prior to the evaluation by the Board, the 15 studies submitted > by Searle were thoroughly audited by the Universities Associated for > Research and Education in Pathology, Inc. (UAREP) > and by the FDA. > > The findings of the UAREP, the FDA, and the Public Board of Inquiry > were considered and evaluated by the Commissioner of Food and > Drugs, resulting in the issuance of the commissioner's Final Decision > that at projected levels of consumption, aspartame would not pose a > risk of brain damage and will not cause brain tumors > (FDA docket, 75F-0355, 1981) (FDA, 1981). > > This decision resulted in FDA vacating the stay of the original 1974 > regulation. > > Objections to the of the use of aspartame were again filed with the > FDA in 1983; however, the regulations approving the use of > aspartame was not stayed following these objections, as the FDA > stated that they failed to create sufficient doubt about the safety of > aspartame. > > A response to the objections and a denial for a hearing was issued in > 1984 by the Acting Commissioner of Food and Drugs > (FDA docket 75F-0355 and 82F-0305) > (FDA, 1984; Wurtman and Maher, 1987). " > > [ In fact the FDA brought suit against Searle for its radically biased, > improper scientific studies. > > The industry won by persuading the FDA's two attorneys to let the > legal process languish. > > Soon, the attorneys inexplicably found pleasant, prosperous futures > in the industry's networks. > > Similar adroit exercises in corporate realpolitic were led by the CEO > of Searle, none other than that modest American hero, > Donald Rumsfeld, who used Reagan's victory to immediately > manipulate the FDA's approval by a brand new Commissioner, > Arthur Hull Hayes, in July, 1981, of aspartame in dry foods, and > soon in beverages two years later, whereupon the fortunate > Commissioner, troubled by hints of political corruption, found a > gracious life with the industry's PR agency. > > Donald Rumsfeld CEO 1977-85 G.D. Searle & Co., got new > President Reagan to prohibit FDA opposition to aspartame > 1981.01.25, history by lawyer James S. Turner: Murray 2007.10.29 > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1483 > > aspartame history Part 1/4 1964-1976: Gold: Murray 1999.11.06 > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/53 > > aspartame expose 96K Oct 1987 Part 1/3: > Gregory Gordon, UPI reporter: Murray 2000.07.10 > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/262 > http://www.dorway.com/upipart1.txt > > revolving door, Monsanto, FDA, EPA: NGIN: Murray 2002.12.23 > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/928 ] > _____________________________________________________ > > > Rich Murray, MA > Boston University Graduate School 1967 psychology, > BS MIT 1964, history and physics, > 1943 Otowi Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505 > 505-501-2298 [email protected] > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/messages > group with 145 members, 1,596 posts in a public archive > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartame/messages > group with 1215 members, 24,031 posts in a public archive > > http://RMForAll.blogspot.com <http://rmforall.blogspot.com/> new primary > archive > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/rmforall/messages > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AstroDeep/messages > > participant, Santa Fe Complex www.sfcomplex.org > _____________________________________________________ > > ============================================================ > FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv > Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College > lectures, archives, unsubscribe, maps at http://www.friam.org >
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