Hi!

 

Wonderful example of the controlled economy in practice.

 

Yet, though I have Inancio  Albano on my side, I guess we can’t do much against the power of Lord de Ramsey who, seemingly like many on the Futurework list, is very much against free trade and the free market.

 

Yet, as the Classical Analysts well know (the neo-Classicals haven’t a clue) that if all these EU regulations making rich people richer were abolished, Inancio Albano wouldn’t be better off.

 

However, the Mozambique landlords would be doing even better. No trickledown to help Inancio  who would still be thankful to have a job – working a 12 hour day for perhaps a dollar.

 

Hey Gang! How about relieving African countries of their debts and giving them more money? That would surely help Inancio Albano,

 

Wouldn’t it?

 

Harry

--------------------------------------------------------

 

THE BITTER HARVEST

 

HOW EU SUGAR SUBSIDIES DEVASTATE AFRICA

 

By Maxine Frith,

Social Affairs Correspondent

Independent

 

22 June 2005

 

One is an English aristocrat worth £35m with 9,000 acres and

an 18th century manor house; the other earns less than  £300

a year cutting sugar cane  for  12  hours  a  day  in  rural

Mozambique to support his parents and four brothers.

 

The link between  the  two,  and  the  reason  why  one  has

continued to increase  his  wealth  while  the  other  faces

losing what he has, is the £1.34bn a year EU  sugar  regime.

Aid agencies are calling for reform of a system  that  costs

some of the poorest countries millions of pounds  each  year

in lost trade.

 

The European Commission is to publish proposals today on how

it intends to reform EU sugar subsidies, after a  ruling  by

the World Trade Organisation  earlier  this  year  that  the

regime was illegal.

 

But campaigners such as Oxfam say the proposals will not  go

far enough and will continue to benefit some of the  richest

farmers in the world at the expense of the poorest.  Critics

of the system, including the National  Farmers'  Union,  say

the system of inflated  price  guarantees,  generous  export

refunds and high import tariffs surrounding sugar production

is the most graphic example of how the  Common  Agricultural

Policy (CAP) distorts trade  and  makes  it  impossible  for

African farmers to compete on the international stage.

 

Michael Bailey, a senior policy advisor at Oxfam, said: 'The

EU has been caught red-handed providing illegal subsidies to

its sugar producers. European sugar policies top the list of

trade  injustices  suffered  by   Africa   and   reform   is

desperately urgent.

 

"Consumers and taxpayers are financing a system which denies

African countries the chance to grow out of  poverty,  while

lining the pockets of the European sugar industry."

 

Nowhere are the iniquities of more  apparent  than  when  it

comes to the lives of John Fellowes and Inacio Albano.

 

John Fellowes, the fourth Lord de Ramsey, receives more than

£500,000 a year in CAP subsidies for various crops grown  on

his three farms in Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire.

 

In addition,  a  minimum  pricing  system  run  by  the  CAP

guarantees that sugar made from his beet is  bought  for  at

least three times more than world prices.

 

Thousands of miles away, Inacio Albano, 25, cuts sugar  cane

until his hands bleed at  a  mill  in  Marremeo,  north-east

Mozambique but is just thankful to have a job in  a  country

where more than two-thirds of the population  live  on  less

than £1 a day.

 

Mozambique is heavily dependent on its sugar  industry,  but

loses more than £20m a  year  -  equivalent  to  its  entire

national budget for  agriculture  and  rural  development  -

because of the trade distortions  caused  by  the  EU  sugar

scheme.

 

Landowners in some of the richest parts of Europe, including

7,500 in eastern England, grow sugar beet under  quotas  set

by the European Union  but  managed  by  companies  such  as

British Sugar, part of Associated British Foods.

 

For sugar grown within the quotas, a minimum price  of  €631

(£423) per ton has been set by the EU, below which it cannot

be bought by companies that use it for food products or sell

it in bags.

 

The guaranteed price within the EU  is  three  times  higher

than the world price of €157 per ton.

 

Oxfam estimates the price system gives the 27 largest  sugar

beet farmers in the UK an average  of  £137,595  a  year  in

support.

 

Production  costs  of  sugar  cane  in  countries  such   as

Mozambique are far  lower  than  in  Europe,  but  they  are

prevented from  importing  their  products  to  the  EU  and

benefiting from the higher  prices  by  import  tariffs  and

duties charged on their products.

 

The import duties create a tariff equivalent to 324 per cent

on sugar grown outside the EU.

 

The EU does allow some Least Developed Countries (LDCs) such

as Mozambique to import sugar to  Europe  without  incurring

the tariffs, but the quantities are severely limited.

 

If that were not enough  distortion,  some  of  the  world's

poorest countries have to contend with EU  export  subsidies

that leave them at even more of a loss.

 

Processors and traders who export EU-quota sugar outside the

continent are compensated for the gap between  domestic  and

world prices by €525 per  ton.  That  means  every  euro  in

export sales  generated  by  sugar  costs  the  EU  €3.3  in

subsidies.

 

Tate and Lyle, the sugar company whose pre-tax profits  rose

by 12 per cent to £255m last year, was paid £120m in  export

refunds in 2003 alone. Five million  tons  of  EU  sugar  is

dumped on the  world  market  every  year,  suppressing  the

international price while the European price  remains  at  a

guaranteed high.

 

Leaked reports of the European Commission proposals  suggest

they focus on cutting the minimum price guarantee by as much

as 40 per cent over two years but do not address  the  issue

of export refunds.

 

That would have the worst impact on many of the LDC  farmers

who do export some of their  sugar  to  the  EU,  while  not

unduly affecting the richest farmers and businesses.

 

Lord de Ramsey, British landowner: £500,000 from CAP adds to

£34m family fortune

 

John Fellowes, the fourth Lord de Ramsey, lives in an  18th-

century manor house among 7,000 acres of prime  farmland  in

Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire worth £34m.

 

His family have been draining and farming the fens since the

middle of the 17th century, and  have  grown  rich  off  the

land.

 

Like his father,  he  has  been  president  of  the  Country

Landowners' Association and was also head of the Environment

Agency, an appointment made by his friend John Major when he

was Prime Minister.

 

Lord de Ramsey was the recipient of more than £500,000  from

the Common Agriculture Policy in 2003-2004, in subsidies for

the crops grown on the two farms  he  owns  and  another  in

which he has a half share.

 

He also benefits substantially from  the  EU  sugar  regime,

which guarantees the price of sugar beet that  he  grows  on

his land, and prevents  cheaper  imports  from  outside  the

member states.

 

Inancio  Albano,   Mozambican   cane-cutter:   'Things   are

difficult, but I am glad to have a job'

 

Inancio  Albano, 25, considers himself one of the lucky  ones

in the area of north-east Mozambique where he lives, despite

leaving school at 14 to work long days cutting sugar cane to

support his parents and four younger brothers.

 

While the work is hard and he earns less than £300  a  year,

he says that at least he has a job.

 

Across the river from his town of Marrameo is  Luabo,  where

the sugar mill isderelict. It closed during the  civil  war,

and while people in Luabo are desperate for it to reopen and

provide jobs, it remains closed, partly because  of  the  EU

sugar  regime.  Despite  having  higher  yields  and   lower

production costs, Mozambique cannot sell  its  sugar  within

the EU because of the huge import duties imposed on most  of

its products.

 

It is also disadvantaged  because  EU  companies  are  given

generous export refunds, allowing them  to  dump  more  than

five million tons of sugar outside its borders each year.

 

In numbers

 

* £1.34bn: amount EU pays in sugar subsidies every year

 

* £120m: amount paid to Tate and Lyle in export  refunds  in

2003-04

 

* 300 per cent: subsidy paid on EU sugar (it spends €3.3  on

every euro of sugar it exports)

 

* €64: amount every household in  the  EU  pays  a  year  to

support the sugar regime

 

* Two-thirds: number of people in Mozambique living on  less

than $2 a day

 

* 1.8 million: number of people in Mozambique with  HIV  and

Aids

 

* 38: life expectancy in Mozambique

 

* 20,000: number of jobs that could be created in Mozambique

if sugar trade distortions were scrapped

 

©2005 Independent News & Media (UK) Ltd.

 

*******************************

Henry George School of Social Science

of Los Angeles

Box 655  Tujunga  CA 91042

818 352-4141

*******************************

 

 

 

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