Hoover was a failure and his policies bankrupted the entire middle of the country and he didn't give a huckapuck. His Osage Vice-President Curtis has been in disgrace in Indian Country since the 1930s. Every now and then the Kaw Clan tries to re-invent him but Curtis was a Mestizo typical capitalist who never missed an opportunity to sell what others had developed and nurtured and sacrificed for.
A good example of that true development is the herding methods of the plains peoples, including Curtis's relatives, the Osage, who for 10,000 years studied and developed the Buffalo and fired the plains every year to keep back the trees and develop the great herds of Buffalo, Antelope and the smaller animals. When the AE peoples arrived there were estimated to be 60 million buffalo in that garden not counting the the great herds of Antelope. Those animals were precious to all Indian people but President Lincoln, with the Homestead Act, opened the plains to the exploiters and within one hundred years the fertility of the plains was dropped, according to the Canadian Government, by 70% and the Buffalo and Antelope were gone. Now the're killing the water. Capitalism is a method not a Foundation and a very poorly thought out theoretical structure. The real order of sustainability is 1. Foundation, 2.Theory, 3. Methodology, 4. Applicability, 5. Observation, 6. Adjustment and 7. Sustainability. American Immigrant folks call that "Systems" traditional American Indians call it "Spirituality." REH From: Ed Weick [mailto:ewe...@rogers.com] Sent: Saturday, May 25, 2013 10:43 AM To: Ray Harrell Subject: Re: [Futurework] Keynes and the EU Don't know if it's different, but it is more recent. Ed _____ From: Ray Harrell <mc...@nyc.rr.com> To: 'Ed Weick' <ewe...@rogers.com>; "'RE-DESIGNING WORK, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, EDUCATION'" <futurework@lists.uwaterloo.ca> Sent: Friday, May 24, 2013 10:32:49 AM Subject: RE: [Futurework] Keynes and the EU Is this different from Herbert Hoover? REH From: futurework-boun...@lists.uwaterloo.ca [mailto:futurework-boun...@lists.uwaterloo.ca] On Behalf Of Ed Weick Sent: Friday, May 24, 2013 9:52 AM To: Futurework; dissenters Subject: [Futurework] Keynes and the EU >From today's Globe and Mail. Kenneth Rogoff argues that Keynesian economics >would have little application to the the financial problems of the European >Union. Without a single fiscal system and perhaps a single governmental >system, the EU is not likely to last much longer. In its current state, there >is little possibility that its ideology and reality can ever meet. Ed ---------------------- KENNETH ROGOFF Anti-austerity: Keynes never met the euro zone There is no magic Keynesian bullet for the euro zone’s woes. But the spectacularly muddle-headed argument nowadays that too much austerity is killing Europe is not surprising. Commentators are consumed by politics, flailing away at any available target, while the “anti-austerity” masses apparently believe that there are easy cyclical solutions to tough structural problems. The euro zone’s difficulties, I have long argued, stem from European financial and monetary integration having gotten too far ahead of actual political, fiscal and banking union. This is not a problem with which John Maynard Keynes was familiar, much less one that he sought to address. Above all, any realistic strategy for dealing with the euro zone crisis must involve massive write-downs (forgiveness) of peripheral countries’ debt. These countries’ massive combined bank and government debt – the distinction everywhere in Europe has become blurred – makes rapid sustained growth a dream. This is hardly the first time I have stressed the need for wholesale debt write-downs. Two years ago, I wrote that Europe “is in constitutional crisis. No one seems to have the power to impose a sensible resolution of its peripheral countries’ debt crisis. Instead of restructuring the manifestly unsustainable debt burdens of Portugal, Ireland and Greece (the PIGs), politicians and policy-makers are pushing for ever-larger bailout packages with ever-less-realistic austerity conditions.” My sometime co-author Carmen Reinhart makes the same point, perhaps even more clearly. In 2010, she described <http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/07/AR2010050703436.html?sid=ST2010050704340> five myths about the European debt crisis – among them, the myth that fiscal austerity “will solve Europe’s debt woes.” We have repeated the mantra dozens of times in various settings. In a debt restructuring, the northern euro zone countries (including France) will see hundreds of billions of euros go up in smoke. Northern taxpayers will be forced to inject massive amounts of capital into banks, even if the authorities impose significant losses on banks’ large and wholesale creditors, as well they should. These hundreds of billions of euros are already lost, and the game of pretending otherwise cannot continue indefinitely. A gentler way to achieve some modest reduction in public and private debt burdens would be to commit to a period of sustained but moderate inflation, as I recommended in 2008. Sustained moderate inflation would help to bring down the real value of real estate more quickly, and potentially make it easier for German wages to rise faster than those in peripheral countries. It would have been a great idea 41/2 years ago. It remains a good idea today. What else needs to happen? The other steps involve economic restructuring at the national level and political integration of the euro zone. Last year, I concluded <http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/a-centerless-euro-cannot-hold> that “without further profound political and economic integration – which may not end up including all current euro zone members – the euro may not make it even to the end of this decade.” Here, all eyes may be on Germany, but it is really France that will play the central role in deciding the euro’s fate. Germany cannot carry the euro on its shoulders alone indefinitely. France needs to become a second anchor of growth and stability. Temporary Keynesian demand measures may help to sustain short-run internal growth, but they will not solve France’s long-run competitiveness problems. At the same time, France and Germany must both come to terms with an approach that leads to far greater political union within a couple of decades. Otherwise, the coming banking union and fiscal transfers will lack the necessary political legitimacy. As macroeconomist Jeffrey Frankel <http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributor/jeffrey-frankel> has remarked, for more than 20 years, Germany’s elites have insisted that the euro zone will not be a transfer union. But, in the end, ordinary Germans have been proved right, and the elites have been proved wrong. Indeed, if the euro zone is to survive, the northern countries will have to continue to help the periphery with new loans until access to private markets is restored. So, given that Germany will be picking up many more bills, how can it best use the strength of its balance sheet to alleviate Europe’s growth problems? Certainly, Germany must continue to acquiesce in an ever-larger role for the European Central Bank, despite the obvious implicit fiscal risks. There is no safe path forward. There are a number of schemes floating around for leveraging Germany’s lower borrowing costs to help its partner countries, beyond simply expanding the ECB’s balance sheet. For meaningful burden-sharing to work, however, euro zone leaders must stop dreaming that the single currency can survive another 20 or 30 years without much greater political union. Debt write-downs and guarantees will inevitably bloat Germany’s government debt, as the authorities are forced to bail out German banks (and probably some neighbouring countries’ banks). But the sooner the underlying reality is made transparent and becomes widely recognized, the lower the long-run cost will be. To my mind, using Germany’s balance sheet to help its neighbours directly is far more likely to work than is the presumed “trickle-down” effect of a German-led fiscal expansion. This, unfortunately, is what has been lost in the debate about Europe of late: However loud and aggressive the anti-austerity movement becomes, there still will be no simple Keynesian cure for the single currency’s debt and growth woes. Kenneth Rogoff, a former chief economist of the IMF, is professor of economics and public policy at Harvard University.
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