--- Marcus Lundblad <ml update.uu.se> wrote:
>
> > I think, as was noted previously, the best approach to take here is to
> > do the following (order matters - I'm listing in execution order),
> > 
> >  1. Do Bidi
> >     - if needed of course
> >  2. Do Shaping (sometimes described/termed joining)
> >     - Shaping/Joining is the morphing of characters based on their
> >       location within a word (initial/medial/final/stand-alone)
> >  3. Do Combining
> >     - There are some characters out there that will need to be combined
> >       (meaning you take A+B -> C -- yup, two characters result in one;
> >        this is a complete replacement act. C is brand new glyph)
> >  4. Do Composing
> >     - This is the superimposition of one character on top of one that
> >       proceeds it (meaning you take E+F -> G -- yup two characters result
> >       in one; the key here is that G is NOT a new glyph its simply E with
> >       F superimposed on it).
> > 
> > Everything is currently coded-up (in one state or another) except for #4
> > above (its still a mystery to me how that is done, Olivier ?).
>
> I've done 4 also.

Ah, cool - I'll need to see how you did it (I'm dying to know).

> But I do 3 and 4 before 1 and 2. maybe this is not so good.
> How does the BIDI handle combining characters?
> Does it preserve the order?
> So that for example "Alef + combining character" is not swapped.

Bidi knows nothing of combined characters; it would be wrong for
Bidi to actually see them since they are only noted in 'visual' context.
The added wrinkle to Bidi (and alot of the effects noted above) with
regard to Arabic is that they are all done strictly for visual affect.
In other words, if I have a string on disk somewhere - it'll get Bidi'ed
combined/composed/etc (mangled) so that a user can see it, but the bytes
on the disk never change.  To make a long story short, Bidi only knows
discrete (non-combined/non-shaped) characters.

> If that's the case, maybe I should do the combing and composing after
> BIDI and then extract remaining combining characters to allow for
> "superimposing"

Yeah, I would stick with the order noted above - that would work best.

Regards,

 - Nadim

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