Kevin, Water is pumped from the Amazon into a pond. Fish are raised in the pond. Fish waste from the pond is collected and spread on the fields. Some fish from the river do survive the large pump which is lifting water about 60 ft and delivering it 300 ft to the ponds. When asked the farmer said they do get the occasional piranha. That's not surprising. I had adventures with piranha when I lived in Northeastern Brazil.
The fish waste is used to fertilize soils with a mixture of properties from terra preta to a very low pH ferritic clay all on the same small farm. The nutrient management carries on in and around the terra preta soils. Tom -----Original Message----- From: Kevin C [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Friday, December 27, 2013 3:36 AM To: Tom Miles Cc: 'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification' Subject: RE: Aquaculture was Pine char gasification Tom Quoting Tom Miles <[email protected]>: > KC>>One possible name they may have had for the "black goop" from > oxbow lakes and > aquaculture site,s that they may have spread on their croplands, may > have been "Fish Manure." > > A practice that we did see but the water was pumped into a pond from > the Amazon. The fish manure from the pond was spread on the land. > All used to replenish the TP land. Not claimed as a traditional > practice. The farmer had to deal with the occasional piranha pumped > from the river. # Merely "pumping water from the Amazon" is far different from collecting the waste from fish raised in a "contained" pond, and spreading it on the fields for the intended purpose of adding nutrients to the soil. It is important to know the "fish poo density" in the water. Obviously, 1 pound of fish poo per gallon would be expected to have a far more observable effect on plant growth than would a "fish poo density" of 1 pound per 1,000 gallons. # I would not expect the Farmer to have had much of a problem in his fields with Piranhas that went through an irrigation pump. They would be well macerated, and would actually be a benefit to his crops. Macerated Piranhas would provide nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorous to his crops. Kevin > > Tom > > > _______________________________________________ Gasification mailing list to Send a Message to the list, use the email address [email protected] to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site: http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/
