I would disagree with their definition of synthesis gas vs. producer gas.
On Wednesday, January 25, 2017 2:00 PM,
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<[email protected]> wrote:
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Today's Topics:
1. Re: Dairy manure converted to renewable diesel via
gasification. (Mark Elliott Ludlow)
2. Re: Dairy manure converted to renewable diesel via
gasification. (l)
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{}-->Thank you Art! From: Gasification
[mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Art Krenzel
Sent: Monday, January 23, 2017 9:11 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: [Gasification] Dairy manure converted to renewable diesel via
gasification. I found this article in a magazine I read. It appears the
answer to manure disposal has been demonstrated complete with the final
products of diesel fuel and char. There are no cost figures offered in this
article so I suspect it is a pretty basic research experiment rather than a
production project. Art Krenzel
California dairy turns manure into renewable diesel
An 1,100-cow dairy in southern California became the first-ever operation in
the world known to produce no-sulfur renewable diesel products from manure on a
livestock facility in late April.The milestone is the culmination of three
years of collaboration between Scott Brothers Dairy in San Jacinto, California,
and Ag Waste Solutions (AWS), a privately held company that designed the farm’s
manure processing system.“To make it to the top of the hill is a euphoric
moment,” dairyman Bruce Scott says.Steve McCorkle, founder and CEO of AWS,
announced the partnership’s achievement on Facebook on April 27, 2015. The
company claims its technology is the “future of sustainable farming.”“We have
proven that we can complete the circle of energy for individual farms while
creating profit centers from manure, enabling farmers to exceed regulatory
requirements and truly control their own destiny,” McCorkle said in a
statement.Scott says he is most proud to have produced a “deliverable” for the
California Energy Commission, which helped fund the project. As far as he
understands, the commission has no other no-sulfur diesel projects dealing with
this type of waste stream, so he is pleased to have “crossed the finish line”
by submitting a final report. The next step for the system is to prove it can
operate continuously and thus be a commercially viable option for other
agricultural operations.“I didn’t expect to win over favor on this project
quickly. But I’ve firmly believed in the direction of this project,” Scott
says. “The tunnel may have gotten longer, but the light at the end of it has
always stayed visible in my mind. I still believe it’s the most viable
technology to get rid of a waste stream and produce something that’s
value-added at the same time.”Processing manure into renewable diesel products
is just one of the system’s manure processing capabilities.The dairy’s
multi-stage system first separates high-BTU manure solids from the dairy’s
liquid manure effluent. McCorkle says the first stage removes 98 percent of the
total suspended solids and 40 percent of the dissolved solids, making good
irrigation water for most farms.The extracted water is further purified at
Scott Brothers Dairy to remove the other 2 percent of suspended solids and the
remaining dissolved solids, making the water potable. (This step was to satisfy
manure application requirements that were specific to the dairy’s regional
regulatory agency. See this Progressive Dairyman Feb. 7, 2014 article for more
background about dairy’s unique permitting situation.)The dairy’s manure solids
are then fed to a pyrolysis gasifier. The gas production module then
thermochemically decomposes the manure solids in the absence of air to produce
syngas. The gas is then scrubbed of impurities and compressed for storage.Using
a Fischer-Tropsch process, the hydrogen and carbon in the gas is then converted
in the system’s final stage into no-sulfur renewable diesel products. The
Fischer-Tropsch process had been used to convert other feedstocks to renewable
diesel but until recently was never proven to work with manure, let alone on a
farm.Perhaps more importantly than producing diesel, the process also produces
a refined wax product in a controllable diesel-to-wax ratio. McCorkle says the
wax product’s market value is three times that of the renewable diesel and can
be further processed or blended off-site with other petroleum products, such as
jet fuel or kerosene.“We exceeded our own expectations on the first pass,”
McCorkle says. “We were able to control the types and factions of liquids and
waxes created. And we were able to attain the optimal ratio of liquids and
waxes. This satisfies our business model of making enough diesel fuel for farm
use and selling the wax products off-farm to create additional profit centers
from manure.”The system on Scott Brothers Dairy that produces renewable diesel
products was built at pilot-project scale, meaning it is not commercially sized
nor automated enough in order to operate 24-7 with minimal manpower.If the
dairy had an adequately sized liquid fuels production module that ran
continuously, it could produce at least 1 gallon of diesel fuel from three
cows’ manure for a day. Right now the system can convert only one-eighth of the
dairy’s gasified manure per day and has not yet been automated to run
continuously.The first production run of renewable diesel products was
evaluated in an on-site lab as well as sent to an external lab for validation.
Future production runs will be tested to validate the fuel is consistently
comparable, or superior, to other diesel fuels. Initial tests have shown the
fuel has very similar characteristics to pump diesel but without detectable
levels of sulfur. Even ultra low-sulfur pump diesel contains up to 15 ppm of
sulfur.When asked if it passed the sniff test and whether he would put it in
his own tractor, Scott says: “No question about it.”McCorkle suggests the next
steps toward a commercially viable, 24-7 system require more funding to upsize
the liquid fuels production module in order to match the size of the rest of
the system and to demonstrate that the system can run continuously and more
automatically with predictable results and with minimal personnel.McCorkle is
optimistic both goals can be achieved. For now, his countenance glows over the
petrochemical milestone he and the dairy have achieved almost entirely by
themselves.“We didn’t achieve these results in a large, complex refinery with
tens of engineers, chemists and scientists. We achieved these results with only
a handful of people working in a remote farm environment,” McCorkle
says.Article Credit - Progressive Dairy (www.progressivedairy.com)The work was
done by Stephen McCorkle, Agricultural Waste Solutions, Inc, Westlake Village,
CA 91261 Their telephone number is 805-551-0116
The process could also be done by taking bio gas from an anerobic digester and
converting it to diesel fuel, and there are processes for taking CO2 to
ethanol. Then of course, you have the watery sludge from the digester to get
rid of, but the EU has embraced this for their hog operations instead of
advanced biological or thermal processes. Some folks in China have taken MSW
and biodigested it to generate power and painted themselves into a corner, now
can't get rid of their sludge and don't want any real options.
Errors in the statement, carbon is not stored and converted, but carbon
monoxide. Problems include what to do with the char other than mix with the
pryolygenous liquors and make charcoal briquettes as char application to the
ground doesn't address the phosphate accumulation in the soil from recycling
organic matter, in fact, concentrates the effect. It is best to convert to ash
and remove the soluble compounds for re-use and get rid of the remaining
phosphate, iron, aluminum containing nasties rather than using them on ag
soils.
Lab scale stuff such as this can be done without any great innovation, but
making it economic is another issue, maybe their grandkids will have the smarts
to make it economic.
There was a hog manure digester to methanol plant done several years ago
which has since been scrapped, but it worked well and was a commercial success
until they changed the hog ration and reduced manure production below economic
threshold, a new meaning of garbage in garbage out
I find it fascinating that industries may want "disruptive technologies"
but when it is really offered to them, they won't go out of their comfort zone
to move forward, so they stay with the bows and arrows instead of the cannon.
Lots of stories about this effect.
Sincerely,
Leland T. "Tom" TaylorThermogenics Inc. +001-505-463-8422
www.thermogenicx.comSkype: ltt.invent
-----Original Message-----
From: Mark Elliott Ludlow <[email protected]>
To: 'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification'
<[email protected]>
Sent: Wed, Jan 25, 2017 12:09 am
Subject: Re: [Gasification] Dairy manure converted to renewable diesel via
gasification.
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div.yiv9519933737WordSection1 {}Thank you Art! From: Gasification
[mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Art Krenzel
Sent: Monday, January 23, 2017 9:11 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: [Gasification] Dairy manure converted to renewable diesel via
gasification. I found this article in a magazine I read. It appears the
answer to manure disposal has been demonstrated complete with the final
products of diesel fuel and char. There are no cost figures offered in this
article so I suspect it is a pretty basic research experiment rather than a
production project. Art Krenzel
California dairy turns manure into renewable diesel
An 1,100-cow dairy in southern California became the first-ever operation in
the world known to produce no-sulfur renewable diesel products from manure on a
livestock facility in late April.The milestone is the culmination of three
years of collaboration between Scott Brothers Dairy in San Jacinto, California,
and Ag Waste Solutions (AWS), a privately held company that designed the farm’s
manure processing system.“To make it to the top of the hill is a euphoric
moment,” dairyman Bruce Scott says.Steve McCorkle, founder and CEO of AWS,
announced the partnership’s achievement on Facebook on April 27, 2015. The
company claims its technology is the “future of sustainable farming.”“We have
proven that we can complete the circle of energy for individual farms while
creating profit centers from manure, enabling farmers to exceed regulatory
requirements and truly control their own destiny,” McCorkle said in a
statement.Scott says he is most proud to have produced a “deliverable” for the
California Energy Commission, which helped fund the project. As far as he
understands, the commission has no other no-sulfur diesel projects dealing with
this type of waste stream, so he is pleased to have “crossed the finish line”
by submitting a final report. The next step for the system is to prove it can
operate continuously and thus be a commercially viable option for other
agricultural operations.“I didn’t expect to win over favor on this project
quickly. But I’ve firmly believed in the direction of this project,” Scott
says. “The tunnel may have gotten longer, but the light at the end of it has
always stayed visible in my mind. I still believe it’s the most viable
technology to get rid of a waste stream and produce something that’s
value-added at the same time.”Processing manure into renewable diesel products
is just one of the system’s manure processing capabilities.The dairy’s
multi-stage system first separates high-BTU manure solids from the dairy’s
liquid manure effluent. McCorkle says the first stage removes 98 percent of the
total suspended solids and 40 percent of the dissolved solids, making good
irrigation water for most farms.The extracted water is further purified at
Scott Brothers Dairy to remove the other 2 percent of suspended solids and the
remaining dissolved solids, making the water potable. (This step was to satisfy
manure application requirements that were specific to the dairy’s regional
regulatory agency. See this Progressive Dairyman Feb. 7, 2014 article for more
background about dairy’s unique permitting situation.)The dairy’s manure solids
are then fed to a pyrolysis gasifier. The gas production module then
thermochemically decomposes the manure solids in the absence of air to produce
syngas. The gas is then scrubbed of impurities and compressed for storage.Using
a Fischer-Tropsch process, the hydrogen and carbon in the gas is then converted
in the system’s final stage into no-sulfur renewable diesel products. The
Fischer-Tropsch process had been used to convert other feedstocks to renewable
diesel but until recently was never proven to work with manure, let alone on a
farm.Perhaps more importantly than producing diesel, the process also produces
a refined wax product in a controllable diesel-to-wax ratio. McCorkle says the
wax product’s market value is three times that of the renewable diesel and can
be further processed or blended off-site with other petroleum products, such as
jet fuel or kerosene.“We exceeded our own expectations on the first pass,”
McCorkle says. “We were able to control the types and factions of liquids and
waxes created. And we were able to attain the optimal ratio of liquids and
waxes. This satisfies our business model of making enough diesel fuel for farm
use and selling the wax products off-farm to create additional profit centers
from manure.”The system on Scott Brothers Dairy that produces renewable diesel
products was built at pilot-project scale, meaning it is not commercially sized
nor automated enough in order to operate 24-7 with minimal manpower.If the
dairy had an adequately sized liquid fuels production module that ran
continuously, it could produce at least 1 gallon of diesel fuel from three
cows’ manure for a day. Right now the system can convert only one-eighth of the
dairy’s gasified manure per day and has not yet been automated to run
continuously.The first production run of renewable diesel products was
evaluated in an on-site lab as well as sent to an external lab for validation.
Future production runs will be tested to validate the fuel is consistently
comparable, or superior, to other diesel fuels. Initial tests have shown the
fuel has very similar characteristics to pump diesel but without detectable
levels of sulfur. Even ultra low-sulfur pump diesel contains up to 15 ppm of
sulfur.When asked if it passed the sniff test and whether he would put it in
his own tractor, Scott says: “No question about it.”McCorkle suggests the next
steps toward a commercially viable, 24-7 system require more funding to upsize
the liquid fuels production module in order to match the size of the rest of
the system and to demonstrate that the system can run continuously and more
automatically with predictable results and with minimal personnel.McCorkle is
optimistic both goals can be achieved. For now, his countenance glows over the
petrochemical milestone he and the dairy have achieved almost entirely by
themselves.“We didn’t achieve these results in a large, complex refinery with
tens of engineers, chemists and scientists. We achieved these results with only
a handful of people working in a remote farm environment,” McCorkle
says.Article Credit - Progressive Dairy (www.progressivedairy.com)The work was
done by Stephen McCorkle, Agricultural Waste Solutions, Inc, Westlake Village,
CA 91261 Their telephone number is 805-551-0116
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