'With this discovery, the researchers have  taken an important first step 
toward the development of new treatments to help  people with HIV to prevent 
or recover from TB infection. '

A very, very small 'first' step..
 
Possibly Gay Bombay could assist Mumbaikers...in changing their opinion of  
gay and variant people...by publicly assisting in programs to  eradicate 
this TB problem from the whole population..
 
You know publicly...volunteer time or money..
 
TB Control in India - 2002
_http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/03/14/stories/2002031406131000.htm_ 
(http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/03/14/stories/2002031406131000.htm) 
 
Did we control the prevalence of the disease in 2005??...or am I lost in  
cyberspace..
 
Elizabeth
 
 
In a message dated 7/1/2009 4:35:42 P.M. India Standard Time,  
modera...@gaybombay.in writes:

 
 


    

 (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/)    
 
(http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-4723834,prtpage-1.cms)   
Why HIV  patients are vulnerable to TB 
1 Jul  2009, 1236 hrs IST, ANI     
Ending  one of the biggest mysteries, Harvard scientists have found out why 
HIV  patients are more susceptible to tuberculosis      
(TB)  infection. 

In  their study paper, a team of researchers led by Dr. Naimish Patel have  
described how HIV switches off the immune response to Mycobacterium  
tuberculosis. 

The researchers have detailed how HIV interferes  with the cellular and 
molecular mechanisms used by the lungs to fight TB  infection. 

With this discovery, the researchers have taken an  important first step 
toward the development of new treatments to help  people with HIV to prevent 
or recover from TB infection. 

"HIV/TB  co-infection is a critical global health problem, especially in  
developing countries. We hope that these findings will lead to further  
studies and possible new therapies for treating or preventing  tuberculosis in 
HIV disease," said Patel. 

For their study, the  researchers extracted immune cells called "alveolar 
macrophages" from  the lungs of otherwise healthy, asymptomatic HIV-positive 
patients as  well as from people who did not have HIV. 

In people who are  HIV-positive, the macrophages have a decreased response 
to the TB  bacterium when compared to people who did not have HIV. 

To know  why this happens, the scientists examined lung specimens from the  
HIV-positive patients, and found increased levels of a molecule called  
IL-10. 

IL-10 elevated the amount of a protein called "BCL-3" in  alveolar 
macrophages, which in turn reduced their ability to ward off TB  infection. 

"HIV and TB represent two of the most significant  health challenges in 
human history and the combination of the two  infections is particularly 
devastating because HIV dramatically  increases the severity of TB infection," 
said Dr. John Wherry, Deputy  Editor of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 

He added: "There are  still many unknowns about how HIV reduces the ability 
of the body to  combat other infections. This study sheds light on 
co-infection with HIV  and TB, which up to this point, has perplexed scientists 
and 
physicians  alike." 

The study has been published in the Journal of Leukocyte  Biology.        
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