https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=96938

            Bug ID: 96938
           Summary: Failure to optimize bit-setting pattern when not using
                    temporary
           Product: gcc
           Version: 11.0
            Status: UNCONFIRMED
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P3
         Component: tree-optimization
          Assignee: unassigned at gcc dot gnu.org
          Reporter: gabravier at gmail dot com
  Target Milestone: ---

void g(char *f, int offset, char value)
{
        *f = (int)(*f & ~(1 << (offset & 0x1F))) | (value << (offset & 0x1F));
}

This has much worse code generation than this:

void g(char *f, int offset, char value)
{
        int tmp = *f & ~(1 << (offset & 0x1F));
        *f = tmp | (value << (offset & 0x1F));
}

Which should be equivalent to the first example.

Example of the worse code generation, on x86 the first example compiles to
this:

g(char*, int, char):
  movzx ecx, BYTE PTR [rdi]
  mov eax, 1
  movsx edx, dl
  shlx eax, eax, esi
  shlx edx, edx, esi
  andn eax, eax, ecx
  or eax, edx
  mov BYTE PTR [rdi], al
  ret

Whereas the second example compiles to this:

g(char*, int, char):
  movsx eax, BYTE PTR [rdi]
  movsx edx, dl
  shlx edx, edx, esi
  btr eax, esi
  or eax, edx
  mov BYTE PTR [rdi], al
  ret

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