Hi!

As stage1 is very close, here is a patch that implements the static
operator[] paper.
One thing that doesn't work properly is the same problem as I've filed
yesterday for static operator() - PR107624 - that side-effects of
the postfix-expression on which the call or subscript operator are
applied are thrown away, I assume we have to add them into COMPOUND_EXPR
somewhere after we find out that the we've chosen a static member function
operator.

Bootstrapped/regtested on x86_64-linux and i686-linux, ok for trunk
provided the paper gets voted into C++23?

2022-11-11  Jakub Jelinek  <ja...@redhat.com>

gcc/c-family/
        * c-cppbuiltin.cc (c_cpp_builtins): Bump C++23
        __cpp_multidimensional_subscript macro value to 202211L.
gcc/cp/
        * decl.cc (grok_op_properties): Implement C++23 P2589R1
        - static operator[].  Handle operator[] similarly to operator()
        - allow static member functions, but pedwarn on it for C++20 and
        older.  Unlike operator(), perform rest of checks on it though for
        C++20.
        * call.cc (add_operator_candidates): For operator[] with class
        typed first parameter, pass that parameter as first_arg and
        an adjusted arglist without that parameter.
gcc/testsuite/
        * g++.dg/cpp23/subscript9.C: New test.
        * g++.dg/cpp23/feat-cxx2b.C: Expect a newer
        __cpp_multidimensional_subscript value.
        * g++.old-deja/g++.bugs/900210_10.C: Don't expect an error
        for C++23 or later.
        
--- gcc/c-family/c-cppbuiltin.cc.jj     2022-10-14 09:35:56.182990495 +0200
+++ gcc/c-family/c-cppbuiltin.cc        2022-11-10 22:29:12.539832741 +0100
@@ -1075,7 +1075,7 @@ c_cpp_builtins (cpp_reader *pfile)
          cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_size_t_suffix=202011L");
          cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_if_consteval=202106L");
          cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_constexpr=202110L");
-         cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_multidimensional_subscript=202110L");
+         cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_multidimensional_subscript=202211L");
          cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_named_character_escapes=202207L");
          cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_static_call_operator=202207L");
          cpp_define (pfile, "__cpp_implicit_move=202207L");
--- gcc/cp/decl.cc.jj   2022-11-08 09:54:37.313400209 +0100
+++ gcc/cp/decl.cc      2022-11-10 21:26:06.891359343 +0100
@@ -15377,7 +15377,15 @@ grok_op_properties (tree decl, bool comp
      an enumeration, or a reference to an enumeration.  13.4.0.6 */
   if (! methodp || DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (decl))
     {
-      if (operator_code == CALL_EXPR)
+      if (operator_code == TYPE_EXPR
+         || operator_code == COMPONENT_REF
+         || operator_code == NOP_EXPR)
+       {
+         error_at (loc, "%qD must be a non-static member function", decl);
+         return false;
+       }
+
+      if (operator_code == CALL_EXPR || operator_code == ARRAY_REF)
        {
          if (! DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (decl))
            {
@@ -15386,52 +15394,41 @@ grok_op_properties (tree decl, bool comp
            }
          if (cxx_dialect < cxx23
              /* For lambdas we diagnose static lambda specifier elsewhere.  */
-             && ! LAMBDA_FUNCTION_P (decl)
+             && (operator_code == ARRAY_REF || ! LAMBDA_FUNCTION_P (decl))
              /* For instantiations, we have diagnosed this already.  */
              && ! DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (decl))
            pedwarn (loc, OPT_Wc__23_extensions, "%qD may be a static member "
-             "function only with %<-std=c++23%> or %<-std=gnu++23%>", decl);
-         /* There are no further restrictions on the arguments to an
-            overloaded "operator ()".  */
-         return true;
-       }
-      if (operator_code == TYPE_EXPR
-         || operator_code == COMPONENT_REF
-         || operator_code == ARRAY_REF
-         || operator_code == NOP_EXPR)
-       {
-         error_at (loc, "%qD must be a non-static member function", decl);
-         return false;
+                    "function only with %<-std=c++23%> or %<-std=gnu++23%>",
+                    decl);
        }
-
-      if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (decl))
+      else if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (decl))
        {
          error_at (loc, "%qD must be either a non-static member "
                    "function or a non-member function", decl);
          return false;
        }
-
-      for (tree arg = argtypes; ; arg = TREE_CHAIN (arg))
-       {
-         if (!arg || arg == void_list_node)
-           {
-             if (complain)
-               error_at(loc, "%qD must have an argument of class or "
-                        "enumerated type", decl);
-             return false;
-           }
+      else
+       for (tree arg = argtypes; ; arg = TREE_CHAIN (arg))
+         {
+           if (!arg || arg == void_list_node)
+             {
+               if (complain)
+                 error_at (loc, "%qD must have an argument of class or "
+                           "enumerated type", decl);
+               return false;
+             }
       
-         tree type = non_reference (TREE_VALUE (arg));
-         if (type == error_mark_node)
-           return false;
-         
-         /* MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P, rather than CLASS_TYPE_P, is used
-            because these checks are performed even on template
-            functions.  */
-         if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type)
-             || TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
-           break;
-       }
+           tree type = non_reference (TREE_VALUE (arg));
+           if (type == error_mark_node)
+             return false;
+
+           /* MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P, rather than CLASS_TYPE_P, is used
+              because these checks are performed even on template
+              functions.  */
+           if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type)
+               || TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
+             break;
+         }
     }
 
   if (operator_code == CALL_EXPR)
--- gcc/cp/call.cc.jj   2022-11-08 09:54:37.283400616 +0100
+++ gcc/cp/call.cc      2022-11-10 22:26:38.096936491 +0100
@@ -6589,12 +6589,36 @@ add_operator_candidates (z_candidate **c
       if (fns == error_mark_node)
        return error_mark_node;
       if (fns)
-       add_candidates (BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns),
-                       NULL_TREE, arglist, NULL_TREE,
-                       NULL_TREE, false,
-                       BASELINK_BINFO (fns),
-                       BASELINK_ACCESS_BINFO (fns),
-                       flags, candidates, complain);
+       {
+         if (code == ARRAY_REF)
+           {
+             vec<tree,va_gc> *restlist = make_tree_vector ();
+             for (unsigned i = 1; i < nargs; ++i)
+               vec_safe_push (restlist, (*arglist)[i]);
+             z_candidate *save_cand = *candidates;
+             add_candidates (BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns),
+                             (*arglist)[0], restlist, NULL_TREE,
+                             NULL_TREE, false,
+                             BASELINK_BINFO (fns),
+                             BASELINK_ACCESS_BINFO (fns),
+                             flags, candidates, complain);
+             /* Release the vec if we didn't add a candidate that uses it.  */
+             for (z_candidate *c = *candidates; c != save_cand; c = c->next)
+               if (c->args == restlist)
+                 {
+                   restlist = NULL;
+                   break;
+                 }
+             release_tree_vector (restlist);
+           }
+         else
+           add_candidates (BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns),
+                           NULL_TREE, arglist, NULL_TREE,
+                           NULL_TREE, false,
+                           BASELINK_BINFO (fns),
+                           BASELINK_ACCESS_BINFO (fns),
+                           flags, candidates, complain);
+       }
     }
   /* Per [over.match.oper]3.2, if no operand has a class type, then
      only non-member functions that have type T1 or reference to
--- gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/subscript9.C.jj  2022-11-10 21:06:58.155974655 
+0100
+++ gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/subscript9.C     2022-11-11 08:26:26.502445107 
+0100
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// P2589R1
+// { dg-do run { target c++23 } }
+
+extern "C" void abort ();
+
+struct S
+{
+  S () {};
+  static int &operator[] () { return a[0]; }
+  static int &operator[] (int x) { return a[x]; }
+  static int &operator[] (int x, long y) { return a[x + y * 8]; }
+  static int a[64];
+};
+int S::a[64];
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  S s;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
+    s.a[i] = 64 - i;
+  if (s[] != 64 || s[3] != 61 || s[4, 5] != 20)
+    abort ();
+  s[]++;
+  s[42]++;
+  ++s[3, 2];
+  if (s.a[0] != 65 || s.a[42] != 23 || s.a[19] != 46)
+    abort ();
+}
--- gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/feat-cxx2b.C.jj  2022-10-06 08:56:28.785125656 
+0200
+++ gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/feat-cxx2b.C     2022-11-10 22:31:49.187698955 
+0100
@@ -556,8 +556,8 @@
 
 #ifndef __cpp_multidimensional_subscript
 #  error "__cpp_multidimensional_subscript"
-#elif __cpp_multidimensional_subscript != 202110
-#  error "__cpp_multidimensional_subscript != 202110"
+#elif __cpp_multidimensional_subscript != 202211
+#  error "__cpp_multidimensional_subscript != 202211"
 #endif
 
 #ifndef __cpp_named_character_escapes
--- gcc/testsuite/g++.old-deja/g++.bugs/900210_10.C.jj  2020-01-14 
20:02:47.021606269 +0100
+++ gcc/testsuite/g++.old-deja/g++.bugs/900210_10.C     2022-11-11 
01:41:13.840971578 +0100
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 // keywords: operator[], static function members
 
 struct struct0 {
-  static int operator[] ();            /* { dg-error "" } */
+  static int operator[] ();            /* { dg-error "" "" { target c++20_down 
} } */
 };
 
 int main () { return 0; }

        Jakub

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