For Windows, GCC can be configured with `--enable-tls` to enable native TLS.
The native TLS implementation has a limitation that it is incapable of
exporting thread-local variables from DLLs. Therefore, they are retrieved
via getter functions instead.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

        * config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h (_GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL): 
New
        macro.
        * include/std/mutex (__get_once_callable): Declare function when
        _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL.
        (__get_once_call): Likewise.
        (__r_once_callable): New variable.
        (__r_once_call): Likewise.
        (once_flag::_Prepare_execution::_Prepare_execution): Use 
__r_once_callable
        and __r_once_call, instead of __once_callable and __r_once_call.
        (once_flag::_Prepare_execution::~_Prepare_execution): Likewise.
        * src/c++11/mutex.cc (__get_once_callable): Define function when
        _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL.
        (__get_once_call): Likewise.

Signed-off-by: LIU Hao <[email protected]>
---
 .../config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h        |  4 +++
 libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex                | 26 ++++++++++++++++---
 libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc               | 14 ++++++++++
 3 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h b/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h
index 893cd704891b..70106fe792c6 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h
@@ -96,4 +96,8 @@
 // See libstdc++/94268
 #define _GLIBCXX_BUFSIZ 4096
 +// Use functions to access thread-local variables from a different module.
+// Windows does not support exporting thread-local data.
+#define _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL 1
+
 #endif
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex
index d4fc4c646488..59e65b10f42f 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex
@@ -817,9 +817,27 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 # ifdef _GLIBCXX_HAVE_TLS
   // If TLS is available use thread-local state for the type-erased callable
   // that is being run by std::call_once in the current thread.
+#  ifdef _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
+  void*&
+  __get_once_callable() noexcept;
+
+  __typeof__(void (*)())&
+  __get_once_call() noexcept;
+
+  static void*& __r_once_callable = __get_once_callable();
+  static void (*&__r_once_call)() = __get_once_call();
+
+#  else // ! _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
   extern __thread void* __once_callable;
   extern __thread void (*__once_call)();
 +  static void*& __r_once_callable = __once_callable;
+  static void (*&__r_once_call)() = __once_call;
+
+#  endif // ! _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
   // RAII type to set up state for pthread_once call.
   struct once_flag::_Prepare_execution
   {
@@ -828,16 +846,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       _Prepare_execution(_Callable& __c)
       {
        // Store address in thread-local pointer:
-       __once_callable = std::__addressof(__c);
+       __r_once_callable = std::__addressof(__c);
        // Trampoline function to invoke the closure via thread-local pointer:
-       __once_call = [] { (*static_cast<_Callable*>(__once_callable))(); };
+       __r_once_call = [] { (*static_cast<_Callable*>(__r_once_callable))(); };
       }
      ~_Prepare_execution()
     {
       // PR libstdc++/82481
-      __once_callable = nullptr;
-      __once_call = nullptr;
+      __r_once_callable = nullptr;
+      __r_once_call = nullptr;
     }
      _Prepare_execution(const _Prepare_execution&) = delete;
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc
index d5da5c66ae99..82f0afa4cb4e 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc
@@ -34,6 +34,20 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
   __thread void* __once_callable;
   __thread void (*__once_call)();
 +# ifdef _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
+  // When thread-local variables can't be exported, these functions are called
+  // to retrieve these variables.
+  void*&
+  __get_once_callable() noexcept
+  { return __once_callable; }
+
+  __typeof__(void (*)())&
+  __get_once_call() noexcept
+  { return __once_call; }
+
+# endif // _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
   extern "C" void __once_proxy()
   {
     // The caller stored a function pointer in __once_call. If it requires
--
2.52.0

From a066c3259d11098d3d34a7f212dcf4944ce42552 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: LIU Hao <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2025 11:10:46 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] libstdc++: On Windows, retrieve thread-local variables via
 functions

For Windows, GCC can be configured with `--enable-tls` to enable native TLS.
The native TLS implementation has a limitation that it is incapable of
exporting thread-local variables from DLLs. Therefore, they are retrieved
via getter functions instead.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

        * config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h (_GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL): 
New
        macro.
        * include/std/mutex (__get_once_callable): Declare function when
        _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL.
        (__get_once_call): Likewise.
        (__r_once_callable): New variable.
        (__r_once_call): Likewise.
        (once_flag::_Prepare_execution::_Prepare_execution): Use 
__r_once_callable
        and __r_once_call, instead of __once_callable and __r_once_call.
        (once_flag::_Prepare_execution::~_Prepare_execution): Likewise.
        * src/c++11/mutex.cc (__get_once_callable): Define function when
        _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL.
        (__get_once_call): Likewise.

Signed-off-by: LIU Hao <[email protected]>
---
 .../config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h        |  4 +++
 libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex                | 26 ++++++++++++++++---
 libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc               | 14 ++++++++++
 3 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h 
b/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h
index 893cd704891b..70106fe792c6 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/config/os/mingw32-w64/os_defines.h
@@ -96,4 +96,8 @@
 // See libstdc++/94268
 #define _GLIBCXX_BUFSIZ 4096
 
+// Use functions to access thread-local variables from a different module.
+// Windows does not support exporting thread-local data.
+#define _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL 1
+
 #endif
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex
index d4fc4c646488..59e65b10f42f 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mutex
@@ -817,9 +817,27 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 # ifdef _GLIBCXX_HAVE_TLS
   // If TLS is available use thread-local state for the type-erased callable
   // that is being run by std::call_once in the current thread.
+#  ifdef _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
+  void*&
+  __get_once_callable() noexcept;
+
+  __typeof__(void (*)())&
+  __get_once_call() noexcept;
+
+  static void*& __r_once_callable = __get_once_callable();
+  static void (*&__r_once_call)() = __get_once_call();
+
+#  else // ! _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
   extern __thread void* __once_callable;
   extern __thread void (*__once_call)();
 
+  static void*& __r_once_callable = __once_callable;
+  static void (*&__r_once_call)() = __once_call;
+
+#  endif // ! _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
   // RAII type to set up state for pthread_once call.
   struct once_flag::_Prepare_execution
   {
@@ -828,16 +846,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       _Prepare_execution(_Callable& __c)
       {
        // Store address in thread-local pointer:
-       __once_callable = std::__addressof(__c);
+       __r_once_callable = std::__addressof(__c);
        // Trampoline function to invoke the closure via thread-local pointer:
-       __once_call = [] { (*static_cast<_Callable*>(__once_callable))(); };
+       __r_once_call = [] { (*static_cast<_Callable*>(__r_once_callable))(); };
       }
 
     ~_Prepare_execution()
     {
       // PR libstdc++/82481
-      __once_callable = nullptr;
-      __once_call = nullptr;
+      __r_once_callable = nullptr;
+      __r_once_call = nullptr;
     }
 
     _Prepare_execution(const _Prepare_execution&) = delete;
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc
index d5da5c66ae99..82f0afa4cb4e 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/mutex.cc
@@ -34,6 +34,20 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
   __thread void* __once_callable;
   __thread void (*__once_call)();
 
+# ifdef _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
+  // When thread-local variables can't be exported, these functions are called
+  // to retrieve these variables.
+  void*&
+  __get_once_callable() noexcept
+  { return __once_callable; }
+
+  __typeof__(void (*)())&
+  __get_once_call() noexcept
+  { return __once_call; }
+
+# endif // _GLIBCXX_NO_EXTERN_THREAD_LOCAL
+
   extern "C" void __once_proxy()
   {
     // The caller stored a function pointer in __once_call. If it requires
-- 
2.52.0

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