On Tue, Jun 2, 2026 at 1:05 AM Konstantinos Eleftheriou
<[email protected]> wrote:
>
> This patch converts the fold-mem-offsets pass from DF to RTL-SSA.
> Along with this conversion, the way the pass collects information
> was completely reworked.  Instead of visiting each instruction multiple
> times, this is now done only once.
>
> Most significant changes are:
> * The pass operates mainly on insn_info objects from RTL-SSA.
> * Single iteration over all nondebug INSNs for identification
>   of fold-mem-roots.  Then walk of the fold-mem-roots' DEF-chain
>   to collect foldable constants.
> * The class fold_mem_info holds vectors for the DEF-chain of
>   the to-be-folded INSNs (fold_agnostic_insns, which don't need
>   to be adjusted, and fold_insns, which need their constant to
>   be set to zero).
> * Introduction of a single-USE mode, which only collects DEFs,
>   that have a single USE and therefore are safe to transform
>   (the fold-mem-root will be the final USE).  This mode is fast
>   and will always run (unless disabled via -fno-fold-mem-offsets).
> * Introduction of a multi-USE mode, which allows DEFs to have
>   multiple USEs, but all USEs must be part of any fold-mem-root's
>   DEF-chain.  The analysis of all USEs is expensive and therefore,
>   this mode is disabled for highly connected CFGs.  Note, that
>   multi-USE mode will miss some opportunities that the single-USE
>   mode finds (e.g. multi-USE mode fails for fold-mem-offsets-3.c).
>
> The following testing was done:
> * Bootstrapped and regtested on aarch64-linux, x86-64-linux.
> * SPEC CPU tested on aarch64.
>
> A compile time analysis with `/bin/time -v ./install/usr/local/bin/gcc -O2 
> all.i`
> (all.i from PR117922) shows:
> * -fno-fold-mem-offsets:  1681 s (user time) / 23626232 kBytes (max resident 
> set size)
> * -ffold-mem-offsets:     1849 s (user time) / 23625708 kBytes (max resident 
> set size)
> Adding -fexpensive-optimizations to enable multi-USE mode does not have
> an impact on the duration or the memory footprint.
>
> gcc/ChangeLog:
>
>         PR rtl-optimization/117922
>         * fold-mem-offsets.cc (INCLUDE_ALGORITHM):  Added definition.
>         (INCLUDE_FUNCTIONAL): Likewise.
>         (INCLUDE_ARRAY): Likewise.
>         (class pass_fold_mem_offsets): Moved to bottom of file.
>         (class change_info): New.
>         (get_single_def_in_bb): Converted to RTL-SSA.
>         (get_fold_mem_offset_root): Converted to RTL-SSA.
>         (get_uses): New.
>         (fold_offsets): Converted to RTL-SSA.
>         (fold_offsets_1): Converted to RTL-SSA.
>         (has_foldable_uses_p): Converted to RTL-SSA.
>         (get_fold_mem_root): Removed.
>         (insn_uses_not_in_bitmap): New.
>         (drop_unsafe_candidates): New.
>         (do_commit_offset): Converted to RTL-SSA.
>         (do_analysis): Removed.
>         (do_commit_insn): Converted to RTL-SSA.
>         (do_fold_info_calculation): Removed.
>         (sort_changes): New.
>         (sort_pairs): New.
>         (do_check_validity): Removed.
>         (get_last_def): New.
>         (move_uses_to_prev_def): New.
>         (compute_validity_closure): Removed.
>         (change_in_vec_p): New.
>         (cancel_changes_for_group): New.
>         (find_keys_to_remove): New.
>         (update_insns): New.
>         (fold_mem_offsets_1): New.
>         (pass_fold_mem_offsets::execute): Moved to bottom of file.
>         (fold_mem_offsets): New.
>
> gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
>
>         * g++.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.C: New test.
>         * gcc.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.c: New test.
>
> Co-authored-by: Christoph Müllner <[email protected]>
>
> Signed-off-by: Konstantinos Eleftheriou <[email protected]>
> ---
>
> Changes in v4:
> - Fix fold_offsets zero-offset ambiguity.
> - Fix assertion crash on non-simple-SET patterns.
> - Fix formatting, typos, and style issues.
> - Use three-way comparison in sort_pairs to avoid unsigned subtraction
>   overflow in the qsort comparator.
> - Fix memory leaks in update_insns on early-return paths via a
>   free_changes_info helper.
> - Free change_info wrappers for successful changes after the commit
>   loop, not just the inner insn_change objects.
> - Clarify multi-use mode in the phase 4 comment (default-on, and
>   also enabled by -fexpensive-optimizations).
> - Remove unused insn_change_watermark parameter from update_insns;
>   the watermark is a pure RAII object kept live at the call site.
> - Use bitmap for regno key sets (removed_regnos, keys_to_remove),
>   replacing O(n) auto_vec::contains () in hot paths.
> - Convert drop_unsafe_candidates from unbounded recursion to an
>   iterative do-while loop.
>
> Changes in v3:
> - Re-enable on all targets.
> - Re-add RISC-V testcases.
>
> Changes in v2:
> - Use the RTL-SSA changes framework for the instruction changes.
> - Keep a hash map of the changes and try to cancel the minimum number
> of changes when something goes wrong.
> - Remove redundant code.
> - Add AArch64 testcases.
> - Remove RISC-V testcases.
>
> Changes in v1:
> - Convert the fold-mem-offsets pass from DF to RTL-SSA.
>
>  gcc/fold-mem-offsets.cc                       | 1515 +++++++++++------
>  .../g++.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.C     |   86 +
>  .../gcc.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.c     |   19 +
>  3 files changed, 1080 insertions(+), 540 deletions(-)
>  create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.C
>  create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.c
>
> diff --git a/gcc/fold-mem-offsets.cc b/gcc/fold-mem-offsets.cc
> index 8480f134ed90..664c0077d4a1 100644
> --- a/gcc/fold-mem-offsets.cc
> +++ b/gcc/fold-mem-offsets.cc
> @@ -17,24 +17,32 @@ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public 
> License
>  along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
>  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
>
> +#define INCLUDE_ALGORITHM
> +#define INCLUDE_FUNCTIONAL
> +#define INCLUDE_ARRAY
>  #include "config.h"
>  #include "system.h"
>  #include "coretypes.h"
> -#include "tm.h"
> +#include "backend.h"
>  #include "rtl.h"
> +#include "rtlanal.h"
> +#include "df.h"
> +#include "rtl-ssa.h"
> +
> +#include "predict.h"
> +#include "cfgrtl.h"
> +#include "cfgcleanup.h"
> +#include "tree-pass.h"
> +#include "target.h"
> +
> +#include "tm.h"
>  #include "tree.h"
>  #include "expr.h"
> -#include "backend.h"
>  #include "regs.h"
> -#include "target.h"
>  #include "memmodel.h"
>  #include "emit-rtl.h"
>  #include "insn-config.h"
>  #include "recog.h"
> -#include "predict.h"
> -#include "df.h"
> -#include "tree-pass.h"
> -#include "cfgrtl.h"
>  #include "diagnostic-core.h"
>
>  /* This pass tries to optimize memory offset calculations by moving constants
> @@ -69,214 +77,245 @@ along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
>        allocated on the stack can result in unwanted add instructions that
>        cannot be eliminated easily.
>
> -   This pass works on a basic block level and consists of 4 phases:
> -
> -    - Phase 1 (Analysis): Find "foldable" instructions.
> -      Foldable instructions are those that we know how to propagate
> -      a constant addition through (add, shift, move, ...) and only have other
> -      foldable instructions for uses.  In that phase a DFS traversal on the
> -      definition tree is performed and foldable instructions are marked on
> -      a bitmap.  The add immediate instructions that are reachable in this
> -      DFS are candidates for folding since all the intermediate calculations
> -      affected by them are also foldable.
> -
> -    - Phase 2 (Validity): Traverse and calculate the offsets that would 
> result
> -      from folding the add immediate instructions.  Check whether the
> -      calculated offsets result in a valid instruction for the target.
> -
> -    - Phase 3 (Commit offsets): Traverse again.  It is now known which folds
> -      are valid so at this point change the offsets in the memory 
> instructions.
> -
> -    - Phase 4 (Commit instruction deletions): Scan all instructions and 
> delete
> -      or simplify (reduce to move) all add immediate instructions that were
> -      folded.
> +   The pass differentiates between the following instructions:
> +
> +   - fold-mem-offset root insn: loads/stores where constants will be folded 
> into
> +     the address offset.  E.g.:
> +       (set (mem:DI (plus:DI (reg:DI sp) (const_int 40))) (reg:DI ra))
> +   - fold-agnostic insns: instructions that may have an impact on the offset
> +     calculation, but that don't require any fixup when folding.  E.g.:
> +       (set (reg:DI a0) (ashift:DI (reg:DI s1) (const_int 1)))
> +   - fold insns: instruction that provide constants, which will be forwarded
> +     into the loads/stores as offset.  When folding, the constants will be
> +     set to zero.  E.g.:
> +       (set (reg:DI s0) (plus:DI (reg:DI sp) (const_int 8)))
> +
> +   The pass utilizes the RTL SSA framework to get the data dependencies
> +   and operates in the following phases:
> +
> +   - Phase 1: Iterate over all instructions to identify fold-mem-offset 
> roots.
> +   - Phase 2: Walk back along the def-chain of fold-agnostic or fold insns.
> +             When successful a new offset of the fold-mem-offset is 
> calculated
> +             and a vec of fold insns that need adjustments is created.
> +   - Phase 3: Drop all fold-mem-offset roots that won't accept the updated
> +             offset.
> +   - Phase 4: Ensure that the defs of all fold insns are used only by
> +             fold-mem-offsets insns (only needed if DEFs with multiple USEs
> +             are handled, which is the default -- see multi_use_mode below --
> +             or forced on via -fexpensive-optimizations).
> +   - Phase 5: Update all fold-mem-offset roots and adjust the fold insns.
> +
> +   When we walk the DEF-chain we have two choices of operations:
> +
> +   - We only allow DEFs that have exactly one USE (in the instruction
> +     that we come from).  This greatly simplify the problem, but also misses
> +     some cases.
> +   - We allow DEFs to have multiple USEs.  E.g. a single ADDI may define a
> +     value that is used by two LOADs.  In this case, we need to ensure that 
> all
> +     USE-chains remain correct after we apply our transformation.  We do this
> +     by allowing only USEs that are part of any other fold-mem-offset chain 
> in
> +     phase 4 above.  This mode is enabled by default, but is disabled for
> +     highly-connected CFGs (unless -fexpensive-optimizations forces it on).
>
>     This pass should run before hard register propagation because it creates
>     register moves that we expect to be eliminated.  */
>
> -namespace {
> -
> -const pass_data pass_data_fold_mem =
> -{
> -  RTL_PASS, /* type */
> -  "fold_mem_offsets", /* name */
> -  OPTGROUP_NONE, /* optinfo_flags */
> -  TV_FOLD_MEM_OFFSETS, /* tv_id */
> -  0, /* properties_required */
> -  0, /* properties_provided */
> -  0, /* properties_destroyed */
> -  0, /* todo_flags_start */
> -  TODO_df_finish, /* todo_flags_finish */
> -};
> -
> -class pass_fold_mem_offsets : public rtl_opt_pass
> -{
> -public:
> -  pass_fold_mem_offsets (gcc::context *ctxt)
> -    : rtl_opt_pass (pass_data_fold_mem, ctxt)
> -  {}
> -
> -  /* opt_pass methods: */
> -  virtual bool gate (function *)
> -    {
> -      return flag_fold_mem_offsets && optimize >= 2;
> -    }
> -
> -  virtual unsigned int execute (function *);
> -}; // class pass_fold_mem_offsets
> +using namespace rtl_ssa;
>
>  /* Class that holds in FOLD_INSNS the instructions that if folded the offset
>     of a memory instruction would increase by ADDED_OFFSET.  */
>  class fold_mem_info {

This class used to be under the anonymous namespace but now it is no
longer. Did you mean to do that?
In C++ classes have linkage so this became a global class now rather
than a local one.

>  public:
> -  auto_bitmap fold_insns;
> +  /* fold-mem-offset root details.  */
> +  insn_info *insn;
> +  rtx mem;
> +  rtx reg;
> +  HOST_WIDE_INT offset;
> +  /* Resulting offset if def-chain gets folded into fold-mem-offset root.  */
>    HOST_WIDE_INT added_offset;
> -};
> -
> -typedef hash_map<rtx_insn *, fold_mem_info *> fold_info_map;
>
> -/* Tracks which instructions can be reached through instructions that can
> -   propagate offsets for folding.  */
> -static bitmap_head can_fold_insns;
> -
> -/* Marks instructions that are currently eligible for folding.  */
> -static bitmap_head candidate_fold_insns;
> -
> -/* Tracks instructions that cannot be folded because it turned out that
> -   folding will result in creating an invalid memory instruction.
> -   An instruction can be in both CANDIDATE_FOLD_INSNS and CANNOT_FOLD_INSNS
> -   at the same time, in which case it is not legal to fold.  */
> -static bitmap_head cannot_fold_insns;
> +  /* Def-chain for offset.  */
> +  auto_vec<insn_info *> fold_agnostic_insns;
> +  auto_vec<insn_info *> fold_insns;
> +
> +  fold_mem_info (insn_info *insn, rtx mem, rtx reg, HOST_WIDE_INT off)
> +    : insn (insn),
> +      mem (mem),
> +      reg (reg),
> +      offset (off),
> +      added_offset (0)
> +  {
> +  }
> +};
>
> -/* The number of instructions that were simplified or eliminated.  */
> -static int stats_fold_count;
> +class change_info {
> +public:
> +  insn_change *change;
> +  /* Index specifying the order in RTL SSA's instruction changes.  */
> +  int change_index;
> +
> +  change_info (insn_change *change)
> +    : change (change), change_index (0)
> +  {
> +  }
> +
> +  change_info (insn_change *change, int index)
> +    : change (change), change_index (index)
> +  {
> +  }
> +};
>
> -/* Get the single reaching definition of an instruction inside a BB.
> -   The definition is desired for REG used in INSN.
> -   Return the definition insn or NULL if there's no definition with
> -   the desired criteria.  */
> -static rtx_insn *
> -get_single_def_in_bb (rtx_insn *insn, rtx reg)
> +/* Test if INSN is a memory load / store that can have an offset folded to 
> it.
> +   Return true iff INSN is such an instruction and return through MEM,
> +   REG and OFFSET the RTX that has a MEM code, the register that is
> +   used as a base address and the offset accordingly.  */
> +bool
> +get_fold_mem_offset_root (insn_info *insn, rtx *mem, rtx *reg,
> +                         HOST_WIDE_INT *offset)
>  {
> -  df_ref use;
> -  struct df_link *ref_chain, *ref_link;
> -
> -  FOR_EACH_INSN_USE (use, insn)
> +  rtx set = single_set (insn->rtl ());
> +  if (set != NULL_RTX)
>      {
> -      if (GET_CODE (DF_REF_REG (use)) == SUBREG)
> -       return NULL;
> -      if (REGNO (DF_REF_REG (use)) == REGNO (reg))
> -       break;
> -    }
> -
> -  if (!use)
> -    return NULL;
> +      rtx src = SET_SRC (set);
> +      rtx dest = SET_DEST (set);
>
> -  ref_chain = DF_REF_CHAIN (use);
> +      /* Don't fold when we have unspec / volatile.  */
> +      if (GET_CODE (src) == UNSPEC
> +         || GET_CODE (src) == UNSPEC_VOLATILE)
> +       return false;
>
> -  if (!ref_chain)
> -    return NULL;
> +      if (MEM_P (src))
> +       *mem = src;
> +      else if (MEM_P (dest))
> +       *mem = dest;
> +      else if ((GET_CODE (src) == SIGN_EXTEND
> +               || GET_CODE (src) == ZERO_EXTEND)
> +              && MEM_P (XEXP (src, 0)))
> +       *mem = XEXP (src, 0);
> +      else
> +       return false;
> +    }
> +  else
> +    return false;
>
> -  for (ref_link = ref_chain; ref_link; ref_link = ref_link->next)
> +  rtx mem_addr = XEXP (*mem, 0);
> +  if (REG_P (mem_addr))
>      {
> -      /* Problem getting some definition for this instruction.  */
> -      if (ref_link->ref == NULL)
> -       return NULL;
> -      if (DF_REF_INSN_INFO (ref_link->ref) == NULL)
> -       return NULL;
> -      if (global_regs[REGNO (reg)]
> -         && !set_of (reg, DF_REF_INSN (ref_link->ref)))
> -       return NULL;
> +      *reg = mem_addr;
> +      *offset = 0;
>      }
> +  else if (GET_CODE (mem_addr) == PLUS
> +          && REG_P (XEXP (mem_addr, 0))
> +          && CONST_INT_P (XEXP (mem_addr, 1)))
> +    {
> +      *reg = XEXP (mem_addr, 0);
> +      *offset = INTVAL (XEXP (mem_addr, 1));
> +    }
> +  else
> +    return false;
>
> -  if (ref_chain->next)
> -    return NULL;
> -
> -  rtx_insn *def = DF_REF_INSN (ref_chain->ref);
> -
> -  if (BLOCK_FOR_INSN (def) != BLOCK_FOR_INSN (insn))
> -    return NULL;
> -
> -  if (DF_INSN_LUID (def) > DF_INSN_LUID (insn))
> -    return NULL;
> -
> -  return def;
> +  return true;
>  }
>
> -/* Get all uses of REG which is set in INSN.  Return the use list or NULL if 
> a
> -   use is missing / irregular.  If SUCCESS is not NULL then set it to false 
> if
> -   there are missing / irregular uses and true otherwise.  */
> -static df_link *
> -get_uses (rtx_insn *insn, rtx reg, bool *success)
> +/* Get the single reaching definition of an instruction inside a BB.
> +   Return the definition or NULL if there's no definition with the desired
> +   criteria.  If SINGLE_USE is set to true the DEF must have exactly one
> +   USE resulting in a 1:1 DEF-USE relationship.  If set to false, then a
> +   1:n DEF-USE relationship is accepted and the caller must take care to
> +   ensure all USEs are safe folding.  */
> +static set_info *
> +get_single_def_in_bb (insn_info *insn, rtx reg, bool single_use)
>  {
> -  df_ref def;
> -
> -  if (success)
> -    *success = false;
> +  /* Get the use_info of the base register.  */
> +  for (use_info *use : insn->uses ())
> +    {
> +      /* Other USEs can be ignored and multiple equal USEs are fine.  */
> +      if (use->regno () != REGNO (reg))
> +       continue;
>
> -  FOR_EACH_INSN_DEF (def, insn)
> -    if (REGNO (DF_REF_REG (def)) == REGNO (reg))
> -      break;
> +      /* Don't handle subregs for now.  */
> +      if (use->includes_subregs ())
> +       return NULL;
>
> -  if (!def)
> -    return NULL;
> +      /* Get the DEF of the register.  */
> +      set_info *def = use->def ();
> +      if (!def)
> +       return NULL;
>
> -  df_link *ref_chain = DF_REF_CHAIN (def);
> -  int insn_luid = DF_INSN_LUID (insn);
> -  basic_block insn_bb = BLOCK_FOR_INSN (insn);
> +      /* Limit the amount of USEs of DEF to 1.  */
> +      if (single_use && !def->single_nondebug_use ())
> +       return NULL;
>
> -  for (df_link *ref_link = ref_chain; ref_link; ref_link = ref_link->next)
> -    {
> -      /* Problem getting a use for this instruction.  */
> -      if (ref_link->ref == NULL)
> +      /* Don't handle multiregs for now.  */
> +      if (def->includes_multiregs ())
>         return NULL;
> -      if (DF_REF_CLASS (ref_link->ref) != DF_REF_REGULAR)
> +
> +      /* Only consider uses whose definition comes from a real instruction
> +        and has no notes attached.  */
> +      insn_info *def_insn = def->insn ();
> +      rtx_insn *def_rtl = def_insn->rtl ();
> +      if (def_insn->is_artificial ()
> +         || find_reg_note (def_rtl, REG_EQUIV, NULL_RTX)
> +         || find_reg_note (def_rtl, REG_EQUAL, NULL_RTX))
>         return NULL;
>
> -      rtx_insn *use = DF_REF_INSN (ref_link->ref);
> -      if (DEBUG_INSN_P (use))
> -       continue;
> +      /* No parallel expressions or clobbers.  */
> +      if (def_insn->num_defs () != 1)
> +       return NULL;
>
> -      /* We do not handle REG_EQUIV/REG_EQ notes for now.  */
> -      if (DF_REF_FLAGS (ref_link->ref) & DF_REF_IN_NOTE)
> +      if (!NONJUMP_INSN_P (def_rtl) || RTX_FRAME_RELATED_P (def_rtl))
>         return NULL;
> -      if (BLOCK_FOR_INSN (use) != insn_bb)
> +
> +      /* Check if the DEF is a SET of the expected form.  */
> +      rtx def_set = simple_regno_set (PATTERN (def_rtl), def->regno ());
> +      if (!def_set)
>         return NULL;
> -      /* Punt if use appears before def in the basic block.  See PR111601.  
> */
> -      if (DF_INSN_LUID (use) < insn_luid)
> +
> +      /* Ensure DEF and USE are in the same BB.  */
> +      if (def->bb () != insn->bb ())
>         return NULL;
> -    }
>
> -  if (success)
> -    *success = true;
> +      return def;
> +    }
>
> -  return ref_chain;
> +  return NULL;
>  }
>
> -static HOST_WIDE_INT
> -fold_offsets (rtx_insn *insn, rtx reg, bool analyze, bitmap foldable_insns);
> +static bool
> +fold_offsets (insn_info *insn, rtx reg, HOST_WIDE_INT *offset_out,
> +             fold_mem_info *info, bool single_use);
>
> -/*  Helper function for fold_offsets.
> +/* Return the offset computed by fold_offsets, or 0 if the analysis fails.
> +   Used in fold_offsets_1 where failure means no constant contribution.  */
> +static HOST_WIDE_INT
> +fold_offsets_value (insn_info *insn, rtx reg, fold_mem_info *info,
> +                   bool single_use)
> +{
> +  HOST_WIDE_INT offset;
> +  fold_offsets (insn, reg, &offset, info, single_use);
> +  return offset;
> +}
>
> -    If DO_RECURSION is false and ANALYZE is true this function returns true 
> iff
> -    it understands the structure of INSN and knows how to propagate constants
> -    through it.  In this case OFFSET_OUT and FOLDABLE_INSNS are unused.
> +/* Helper function for fold_offsets () that analyses the given INSN.
>
> -    If DO_RECURSION is true then it also calls fold_offsets for each 
> recognized
> -    part of INSN with the appropriate arguments.
> +   For INSN with known pattern, we calculate the value of the propagated
> +   constant and store that in OFFSET_OUT.  Foldable INSNs are added to
> +   INFO->fold_insns and fold-agnostic INSNs are added to
> +   INFO->fold_agnostic_insns.  It is possible that some INSNs are added to
> +   both lists.  In this case the INSN is a fold INSN.

"In this case the INSN is a fold INSN."; What does that mean? Is this
about the case when INSN is in both lists?
If so then there should be reworded something like:
It is possible that some INSNs are added to both lists; when that
happens the INSN is a fold insn.
Since we have a connecting thought a period seems wrong.


>
> -    If DO_RECURSION is true and ANALYZE is false then offset that would 
> result
> -    from folding is computed and is returned through the pointer OFFSET_OUT.
> -    The instructions that can be folded are recorded in FOLDABLE_INSNS.  */
> +   Returns true iff the analysis was successful and false otherwise.  */
>  static bool
> -fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool do_recursion,
> -               HOST_WIDE_INT *offset_out, bitmap foldable_insns)
> +fold_offsets_1 (insn_info *insn, HOST_WIDE_INT *offset_out,
> +               fold_mem_info *info, bool single_use)
>  {
> -  /* Doesn't make sense if both DO_RECURSION and ANALYZE are false.  */
> -  gcc_checking_assert (do_recursion || analyze);
> -  gcc_checking_assert (GET_CODE (PATTERN (insn)) == SET);
> +  bool fold_agnostic = true;
> +  rtx_insn *insn_rtl = insn->rtl ();
> +  rtx set = single_set (insn_rtl);
> +  if (!set)
> +    return false;
>
> -  rtx src = SET_SRC (PATTERN (insn));
> +  rtx src = SET_SRC (set);
>    HOST_WIDE_INT offset = 0;
>
>    switch (GET_CODE (src))
> @@ -288,35 +327,31 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>         rtx arg2 = XEXP (src, 1);
>
>         if (REG_P (arg1))
> -         {
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             offset += fold_offsets (insn, arg1, analyze, foldable_insns);
> -         }
> +         offset += fold_offsets_value (insn, arg1, info, single_use);
>         else if (GET_CODE (arg1) == ASHIFT
>                  && REG_P (XEXP (arg1, 0))
>                  && CONST_INT_P (XEXP (arg1, 1)))
>           {
>             /* Handle R1 = (R2 << C) + ...  */
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             {
> -               HOST_WIDE_INT scale
> -                 = (HOST_WIDE_INT_1U << INTVAL (XEXP (arg1, 1)));
> -               offset += scale * fold_offsets (insn, XEXP (arg1, 0), analyze,
> -                                               foldable_insns);
> -             }
> +           rtx reg = XEXP (arg1, 0);
> +           rtx shamt = XEXP (arg1, 1);
> +           HOST_WIDE_INT scale = HOST_WIDE_INT_1U << INTVAL (shamt);
> +           offset += scale * fold_offsets_value (insn, reg, info, 
> single_use);
>           }
>         else if (GET_CODE (arg1) == PLUS
>                  && REG_P (XEXP (arg1, 0))
>                  && REG_P (XEXP (arg1, 1)))
>           {
>             /* Handle R1 = (R2 + R3) + ...  */
> -           if (do_recursion)
> +           rtx reg1 = XEXP (arg1, 0);
> +           rtx reg2 = XEXP (arg1, 1);
> +           if (REGNO (reg1) != REGNO (reg2))
>               {
> -               offset += fold_offsets (insn, XEXP (arg1, 0), analyze,
> -                                       foldable_insns);
> -               offset += fold_offsets (insn, XEXP (arg1, 1), analyze,
> -                                       foldable_insns);
> +               offset += fold_offsets_value (insn, reg1, info, single_use);
> +               offset += fold_offsets_value (insn, reg2, info, single_use);
>               }
> +           else
> +             offset += 2 * fold_offsets_value (insn, reg1, info, single_use);
>           }
>         else if (GET_CODE (arg1) == PLUS
>                  && GET_CODE (XEXP (arg1, 0)) == ASHIFT
> @@ -325,32 +360,33 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>                  && REG_P (XEXP (arg1, 1)))
>           {
>             /* Handle R1 = ((R2 << C) + R3) + ...  */
> -           if (do_recursion)
> +           rtx reg1 = XEXP (XEXP (arg1, 0), 0);
> +           rtx shamt = XEXP (XEXP (arg1, 0), 1);
> +           rtx reg2 = XEXP (arg1, 1);
> +           HOST_WIDE_INT scale = HOST_WIDE_INT_1U << INTVAL (shamt);
> +           if (REGNO (reg1) != REGNO (reg2))
>               {
> -               HOST_WIDE_INT scale
> -                 = (HOST_WIDE_INT_1U << INTVAL (XEXP (XEXP (arg1, 0), 1)));
> -               offset += scale * fold_offsets (insn, XEXP (XEXP (arg1, 0), 
> 0),
> -                                               analyze, foldable_insns);
> -               offset += fold_offsets (insn, XEXP (arg1, 1), analyze,
> -                                       foldable_insns);
> +               offset += scale
> +                        * fold_offsets_value (insn, reg1, info, single_use);
> +               offset += fold_offsets_value (insn, reg2, info, single_use);
>               }
> +           else
> +             offset += (scale + 1) * fold_offsets_value (insn, reg1, info,
> +                                                   single_use);
>           }
>         else
>           return false;
>
>         if (REG_P (arg2))
> -         {
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             offset += fold_offsets (insn, arg2, analyze, foldable_insns);
> -         }
> +         offset += fold_offsets_value (insn, arg2, info, single_use);
>         else if (CONST_INT_P (arg2))
>           {
>             if (REG_P (arg1))
>               {
>                 offset += INTVAL (arg2);
> -               /* This is a R1 = R2 + C instruction, candidate for folding.  
> */
> -               if (!analyze)
> -                 bitmap_set_bit (foldable_insns, INSN_UID (insn));
> +               /* This is a R1 = R2 + C instruction, candidate for
> +                  folding.  */
> +               fold_agnostic = false;
>               }
>           }
>         else
> @@ -366,26 +402,20 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>         rtx arg2 = XEXP (src, 1);
>
>         if (REG_P (arg1))
> -         {
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             offset += fold_offsets (insn, arg1, analyze, foldable_insns);
> -         }
> +         offset += fold_offsets_value (insn, arg1, info, single_use);
>         else
>           return false;
>
>         if (REG_P (arg2))
> -         {
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             offset -= fold_offsets (insn, arg2, analyze, foldable_insns);
> -         }
> +         offset -= fold_offsets_value (insn, arg2, info, single_use);
>         else if (CONST_INT_P (arg2))
>           {
>             if (REG_P (arg1))
>               {
>                 offset -= INTVAL (arg2);
> -               /* This is a R1 = R2 - C instruction, candidate for folding.  
> */
> -               if (!analyze)
> -                 bitmap_set_bit (foldable_insns, INSN_UID (insn));
> +               /* This is a R1 = R2 - C instruction, candidate for
> +                  folding.  */
> +               fold_agnostic = false;
>               }
>           }
>         else
> @@ -399,10 +429,7 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>         /* Propagate through negation.  */
>         rtx arg1 = XEXP (src, 0);
>         if (REG_P (arg1))
> -         {
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             offset = -fold_offsets (insn, arg1, analyze, foldable_insns);
> -         }
> +         offset = -fold_offsets_value (insn, arg1, info, single_use);
>         else
>           return false;
>
> @@ -417,12 +444,8 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>
>         if (REG_P (arg1) && CONST_INT_P (arg2))
>           {
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             {
> -               HOST_WIDE_INT scale = INTVAL (arg2);
> -               offset = scale * fold_offsets (insn, arg1, analyze,
> -                                              foldable_insns);
> -             }
> +           HOST_WIDE_INT scale = INTVAL (arg2);
> +           offset = scale * fold_offsets_value (insn, arg1, info, 
> single_use);
>           }
>         else
>           return false;
> @@ -438,12 +461,8 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>
>         if (REG_P (arg1) && CONST_INT_P (arg2))
>           {
> -           if (do_recursion)
> -             {
> -               HOST_WIDE_INT scale = (HOST_WIDE_INT_1U << INTVAL (arg2));
> -               offset = scale * fold_offsets (insn, arg1, analyze,
> -                                              foldable_insns);
> -             }
> +           HOST_WIDE_INT scale = (HOST_WIDE_INT_1U << INTVAL (arg2));
> +           offset = scale * fold_offsets_value (insn, arg1, info, 
> single_use);
>           }
>         else
>           return false;
> @@ -454,8 +473,7 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>      case REG:
>        {
>         /* Propagate through register move.  */
> -       if (do_recursion)
> -         offset = fold_offsets (insn, src, analyze, foldable_insns);
> +       offset = fold_offsets_value (insn, src, info, single_use);
>
>         /* Pattern recognized for folding.  */
>         break;
> @@ -464,8 +482,7 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>        {
>         offset = INTVAL (src);
>         /* R1 = C is candidate for folding.  */
> -       if (!analyze)
> -         bitmap_set_bit (foldable_insns, INSN_UID (insn));
> +       fold_agnostic = false;
>
>         /* Pattern recognized for folding.  */
>         break;
> @@ -475,378 +492,785 @@ fold_offsets_1 (rtx_insn *insn, bool analyze, bool 
> do_recursion,
>        return false;
>      }
>
> -    if (do_recursion && !analyze)
> +    if (offset_out)
>        *offset_out = offset;
>
> +    if (fold_agnostic)
> +      {
> +       if (!single_use)
> +         info->fold_agnostic_insns.safe_push (insn);
> +      }
> +    else if (!info->fold_insns.contains (insn))
> +      info->fold_insns.safe_push (insn);
> +
>      return true;
>  }
>
> -/* Function that computes the offset that would have to be added to all uses
> -   of REG if the instructions marked in FOLDABLE_INSNS were to be eliminated.
> -
> -   If ANALYZE is true then mark in CAN_FOLD_INSNS which instructions
> -   transitively only affect other instructions found in CAN_FOLD_INSNS.
> -   If ANALYZE is false then compute the offset required for folding.  */
> -static HOST_WIDE_INT
> -fold_offsets (rtx_insn *insn, rtx reg, bool analyze, bitmap foldable_insns)
> +/* Test if all USEs of DEF (which defines REG) meet certain criteria to be
> +   foldable.  Returns true iff all USEs are fine or false otherwise.  */
Returns true when all uses of DEF (which defines REG) meet certain
criteria to be foldable.
Otherwise false.

The original writing is just too verbose and harder to read. And the
`iff` has been a hint to others that the comment was written by a LLM.

> +static bool
> +has_foldable_uses_p (set_info *def, rtx reg)
>  {
> -  rtx_insn *def = get_single_def_in_bb (insn, reg);
> +  /* We only fold through instructions that are transitively used as
> +     memory addresses and do not have other uses.  Use the same logic
> +     from offset calculation to visit instructions that can propagate
> +     offsets and keep track of them in CAN_FOLD_INSNS.  */
> +  for (use_info *use : def->nondebug_insn_uses ())
> +    {
> +      insn_info *use_insn = use->insn ();
> +      if (use_insn->is_artificial ())
> +       return false;
>
> -  if (!def || RTX_FRAME_RELATED_P (def) || GET_CODE (PATTERN (def)) != SET)
> -    return 0;
> +      /* Punt if the use is anything more complicated than a set
> +        (clobber, use, etc).  */
Huh? a clobber/use is not more complicated than a set.
Maybe just: `Only handle an insn with a simple single set here.`
Because it looks like you don't handle a set with a clobber which now
I wonder if that would cause CISC (e.g. x86) targets not handling many
things. Since many of them have both a set and a clobber. Maybe
single_set should be checked here instead? Oh I see it was part of the
old code now too.

> +      rtx_insn *use_rtl = use_insn->rtl ();
> +      if (!NONJUMP_INSN_P (use_rtl) || GET_CODE (PATTERN (use_rtl)) != SET)
> +       return false;
>
> -  rtx dest = SET_DEST (PATTERN (def));
> +      /* Special case: A foldable memory store is not foldable if it
> +        mentions DEST outside of the address calculation.  */
> +      rtx use_set = PATTERN (use_rtl);
> +      if (use_set && MEM_P (SET_DEST (use_set))
> +         && reg_mentioned_p (reg, SET_SRC (use_set)))
> +       return false;
>
> -  if (!REG_P (dest))
> -    return 0;
> +      if (use->bb () != def->bb ())
> +       return false;
> +    }
>
> -  /* We can only affect the values of GPR registers.  */
> -  unsigned int dest_regno = REGNO (dest);
> -  if (fixed_regs[dest_regno]
> -      || !TEST_HARD_REG_BIT (reg_class_contents[GENERAL_REGS], dest_regno))
> -    return 0;
> +  return true;
> +}
>
> -  if (analyze)
> -    {
> -      /* Check if we know how to handle DEF.  */
> -      if (!fold_offsets_1 (def, true, false, NULL, NULL))
> -       return 0;
>
> -      /* We only fold through instructions that are transitively used as
> -        memory addresses and do not have other uses.  Use the same logic
> -        from offset calculation to visit instructions that can propagate
> -        offsets and keep track of them in CAN_FOLD_INSNS.  */
> -      bool success;
> -      struct df_link *uses = get_uses (def, dest, &success), *ref_link;
> +/* Function that calculates the offset for INSN that would have to be added 
> to
> +   all its USEs of REG.  Foldable INSNs are added to INFO->fold_insns and
> +   fold-agnostic INSNs are added to INFO->fold_agnostic_insns.
> +   It is possible that some INSNs are added to both lists.  In this case the
> +   INSN is a fold INSN.

See above for the same wording issue with this comment.

>
> -      if (!success)
> -       return 0;
> +   Returns the offset on success or 0 if the calculation fails.  */
> +static bool
> +fold_offsets (insn_info *insn, rtx reg, HOST_WIDE_INT *offset_out,
> +             fold_mem_info *info, bool single_use = true)
> +{
> +  *offset_out = 0;
>
> -      for (ref_link = uses; ref_link; ref_link = ref_link->next)
> -       {
> -         rtx_insn *use = DF_REF_INSN (ref_link->ref);
> +  /* We can only affect the values of GPR registers.  */
> +  unsigned int regno = REGNO (reg);
> +  if (fixed_regs[regno]
> +      || !TEST_HARD_REG_BIT (reg_class_contents[GENERAL_REGS], regno))
> +    return false;
>
> -         if (DEBUG_INSN_P (use))
> -           continue;
> +  /* Get the DEF for REG in INSN.  */
> +  set_info *def = get_single_def_in_bb (insn, reg, single_use);
> +  if (!def)
> +    return false;
>
> -         /* Punt if the use is anything more complicated than a set
> -            (clobber, use, etc).  */
> -         if (!NONJUMP_INSN_P (use) || GET_CODE (PATTERN (use)) != SET)
> -           return 0;
> +  insn_info *def_insn = def->insn ();
> +  rtx_insn *def_rtl = def_insn->rtl ();
>
> -         /* This use affects instructions outside of CAN_FOLD_INSNS.  */
> -         if (!bitmap_bit_p (&can_fold_insns, INSN_UID (use)))
> -           return 0;
> +  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +    {
> +      fprintf (dump_file, "For INSN: ");
> +      print_rtl_single (dump_file, insn->rtl ());
> +      fprintf (dump_file, "...found DEF: ");
> +      print_rtl_single (dump_file, def_rtl);
> +    }
>
> -         rtx use_set = PATTERN (use);
> +  gcc_assert (REGNO (reg) == def->regno ());
>
> -         /* Special case: A foldable memory store is not foldable if it
> -            mentions DEST outside of the address calculation.  */
> -         if (use_set && MEM_P (SET_DEST (use_set))
> -             && reg_mentioned_p (dest, SET_SRC (use_set)))
> -           return 0;
> +  /* Check if all USEs of DEF are safe.  */
> +  if (!has_foldable_uses_p (def, reg))
> +    {
> +      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +       {
> +         fprintf (dump_file, "has_foldable_uses_p failed for: ");
> +         print_rtl_single (dump_file, def_rtl);
>         }
> +      return false;
> +    }
>
> -      bitmap_set_bit (&can_fold_insns, INSN_UID (def));
> -
> +  /* Check if we know how to handle DEF.  */
> +  HOST_WIDE_INT offset;
> +  if (!fold_offsets_1 (def_insn, &offset, info, single_use))
> +    {
>        if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
>         {
> -         fprintf (dump_file, "Instruction marked for propagation: ");
> -         print_rtl_single (dump_file, def);
> +         fprintf (dump_file, "fold_offsets_1 failed for: ");
> +         print_rtl_single (dump_file, def_rtl);
>         }
> +      return false;
>      }
> -  else
> +
> +  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
>      {
> -      /* We cannot propagate through this instruction.  */
> -      if (!bitmap_bit_p (&can_fold_insns, INSN_UID (def)))
> -       return 0;
> +      fprintf (dump_file, "Instruction marked for propagation: ");
> +      print_rtl_single (dump_file, def_rtl);
>      }
>
> -  HOST_WIDE_INT offset = 0;
> -  bool recognized = fold_offsets_1 (def, analyze, true, &offset,
> -                                   foldable_insns);
> +  *offset_out = offset;
> +  return true;
> +}
>
> -  if (!recognized)
> -    return 0;
> +/* Check if any of the provided INSNs in INSN_LIST is not marked in the
> +   given bitmap.  Return true if at least one INSN is not in the bitmap and
> +   false otherwise.  */
> +static bool
> +insn_uses_not_in_bitmap (vec<insn_info *> *insn_list, bitmap bm)
> +{
> +  for (insn_info *insn : *insn_list)
> +    {
> +      gcc_assert (insn->num_defs () == 1);
> +      set_info *def = dyn_cast<set_info *>(insn->defs ()[0]);
> +      for (use_info *use : def->nondebug_insn_uses ())
> +       {
> +         if (!bitmap_bit_p (bm, use->insn ()->uid ()))
> +           {
> +             if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +               {
> +                 fprintf (dump_file, "Cannot ensure correct transformation 
> as "
> +                          "INSN %u has a USE INSN %u that was not 
> analysed.\n",
> +                          insn->uid (), use->insn ()->uid ());
> +               }
> +
> +             return true;
> +           }
> +       }
> +    }
>
> -  return offset;
> +  return false;
>  }
>
> -/* Test if INSN is a memory load / store that can have an offset folded to 
> it.
> -   Return true iff INSN is such an instruction and return through MEM_OUT,
> -   REG_OUT and OFFSET_OUT the RTX that has a MEM code, the register that is
> -   used as a base address and the offset accordingly.
> -   All of the out pointers may be NULL in which case they will be ignored.  
> */
> -bool
> -get_fold_mem_root (rtx_insn *insn, rtx *mem_out, rtx *reg_out,
> -                  HOST_WIDE_INT *offset_out)
> +/* Check if all USEs of all instructions have been analysed.
> +   If a fold_mem_info is found that has an unknown USE, then
> +   drop it from the list.  When this function returns all
> +   fold_mem_infos in the worklist reference instructions that
> +   have been analysed before and can therefore be committed.  */
> +static void
> +drop_unsafe_candidates (vec<fold_mem_info *> *worklist)
>  {
> -  rtx set = single_set (insn);
> -  rtx mem = NULL_RTX;
> -
> -  if (set != NULL_RTX)
> +  bool changed;
> +  do
>      {
> -      rtx src = SET_SRC (set);
> -      rtx dest = SET_DEST (set);
> +      changed = false;
>
> -      /* Don't fold when we have unspec / volatile.  */
> -      if (GET_CODE (src) == UNSPEC
> -         || GET_CODE (src) == UNSPEC_VOLATILE
> -         || GET_CODE (dest) == UNSPEC
> -         || GET_CODE (dest) == UNSPEC_VOLATILE)
> -       return false;
> +      /* First mark all analysed INSNs in a bitmap.  */
> +      auto_bitmap insn_closure;
> +      for (fold_mem_info *info : worklist)
> +       {
> +         bitmap_set_bit (insn_closure, info->insn->uid ());
> +         for (insn_info *insn : info->fold_agnostic_insns)
> +           bitmap_set_bit (insn_closure, insn->uid ());
> +         for (insn_info *insn : info->fold_insns)
> +           bitmap_set_bit (insn_closure, insn->uid ());
> +       }
>
> -      if (MEM_P (src))
> -       mem = src;
> -      else if (MEM_P (dest))
> -       mem = dest;
> -      else if ((GET_CODE (src) == SIGN_EXTEND
> -               || GET_CODE (src) == ZERO_EXTEND)
> -              && MEM_P (XEXP (src, 0)))
> -       mem = XEXP (src, 0);
> +      /* Now check if all uses of fold_insns are marked.  */
> +      unsigned i;
> +      fold_mem_info *info;
> +      FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (*worklist, i, info)
> +       {
> +         if (insn_uses_not_in_bitmap (&info->fold_agnostic_insns, 
> insn_closure)
> +             || insn_uses_not_in_bitmap (&info->fold_insns, insn_closure))
> +           {
> +             if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +               {
> +                 fprintf (dump_file,
> +                          "Dropping fold-mem-offset root INSN %u.\n",
> +                          info->insn->uid ());
> +               }
> +
> +             /* Drop INFO from worklist and restart.  */
> +             worklist->unordered_remove (i);
> +             delete info;
> +             changed = true;
> +             break;
> +           }
> +       }
>      }
> +  while (changed);
> +}
>
> -  if (mem == NULL_RTX)
> -    return false;
> +/* If INSN is a root memory instruction that was affected by any folding
> +   then update its offset as necessary.  */
> +static rtx
> +do_commit_offset (fold_mem_info *info)
> +{
> +  rtx mem = info->mem;
> +  rtx reg = info->reg;
> +  HOST_WIDE_INT new_offset = info->offset + info->added_offset;
>
> -  rtx mem_addr = XEXP (mem, 0);
> -  rtx reg;
> -  HOST_WIDE_INT offset;
> +  if (info->added_offset == 0)
> +    return NULL_RTX;
>
> -  if (REG_P (mem_addr))
> -    {
> -      reg = mem_addr;
> -      offset = 0;
> -    }
> -  else if (GET_CODE (mem_addr) == PLUS
> -          && REG_P (XEXP (mem_addr, 0))
> -          && CONST_INT_P (XEXP (mem_addr, 1)))
> -    {
> -      reg = XEXP (mem_addr, 0);
> -      offset = INTVAL (XEXP (mem_addr, 1));
> -    }
> +  rtx new_mem = copy_rtx (mem);
> +
> +  machine_mode mode = GET_MODE (XEXP (new_mem, 0));
> +  if (new_offset != 0)
> +    XEXP (new_mem, 0)
> +      = gen_rtx_PLUS (mode, reg, gen_int_mode (new_offset, mode));
>    else
> -    return false;
> +    XEXP (new_mem, 0) = reg;
>
> -  if (mem_out)
> -    *mem_out = mem;
> -  if (reg_out)
> -    *reg_out = reg;
> -  if (offset_out)
> -    *offset_out = offset;
> +  rtx new_insn = simplify_replace_rtx (info->insn->rtl (), mem, new_mem);
>
> -  return true;
> +  return new_insn;
>  }
>
> -/* If INSN is a root memory instruction then do a DFS traversal on its
> -   definitions and find folding candidates.  */
> -static void
> -do_analysis (rtx_insn *insn)
> +/* If INSN is a move / add instruction that was folded then replace its
> +   constant with zero.  */
> +static rtx_insn *
> +do_commit_insn (insn_info *insn, auto_vec<change_info *> *changes)

CHANGES is not mentioned in what it is being used for.

>  {
> -  rtx reg;
> -  if (!get_fold_mem_root (insn, NULL, &reg, NULL))
> -    return;
> +  rtx_insn *insn_rtl = insn->rtl ();
> +  rtx_insn *new_insn_rtl = (rtx_insn *) copy_rtx (insn_rtl);

rtx_insn *new_insn_rtl = as_a<rtx_insn *> (copy_rtx (insn_rtl));
Is how it is written in all other places in GCC sources.

>
> -  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +  /* If we deleted this INSNs before, then nothing left to do here.  */
> +  if (insn_rtl->deleted ())
> +    return NULL;
> +
> +  rtx set = single_set (new_insn_rtl);
> +  rtx src = SET_SRC (set);
> +
> +  /* Emit a move and let subsequent passes eliminate it if possible.  */
> +  if (GET_CODE (src) == CONST_INT)
CONST_INT_P

There are other places where you have GET_CODE (x) == XYZ where it
should just be XYZ_P (x).
We moved over to the _P versions a long time ago so introducing new
places where you do this seems wrong.

>      {
> -      fprintf (dump_file, "Starting analysis from root: ");
> -      print_rtl_single (dump_file, insn);
> +      /* Only change if necessary.  */
> +      if (INTVAL (src))
> +       {
> +         /* INSN is R1 = C.  Set C to 0 because it was folded.  */
> +         SET_SRC (set) = CONST0_RTX (GET_MODE (SET_SRC (set)));
> +         change_info *change = new change_info (
> +                                 new insn_change (insn),
> +                                 num_validated_changes ());
> +         changes->safe_push (change);
> +
> +         return new_insn_rtl;
> +       }
>      }
> +  else
> +    {
> +      if (GET_RTX_LENGTH (GET_CODE (src)) < 2)

!BINARY_P (src)
Or do you handle if_then_else here too?

> +       return NULL;
>
> -  /* Mark this memory instruction as foldable before the DFS so that its
> -     address definitions can see it in can_fold_insns during analysis.
> -     This is required because fold_offsets checks that all uses of a
> -     definition are in can_fold_insns before marking the definition.  */
> -  bitmap_set_bit (&can_fold_insns, INSN_UID (insn));
> -  fold_offsets (insn, reg, true, NULL);
> +      rtx sec_src_op = XEXP (src, 1);
> +
> +      /* Only change if necessary.  */
> +      if (INTVAL (sec_src_op))
> +       {
> +         /* Mark self-assignments for deletion.  */
> +         rtx dest = SET_DEST (set);
> +         change_info *change = nullptr;
> +         if (REGNO (dest) == REGNO (XEXP (src, 0)))
> +           change = new change_info (
> +                      new insn_change (insn, insn_change::DELETE),
> +                      num_validated_changes ());
> +         else
> +           {
> +             /* If INSN is R1 = R2 + C, C is folded to 0, so emit a mov
> +                instead.  */
> +             new_insn_rtl = gen_move_insn (SET_DEST (set), XEXP (src, 0));
> +             change = new change_info (
> +                        new insn_change (insn), num_validated_changes ());
> +           }
> +
> +         changes->safe_push (change);
> +         return new_insn_rtl;
> +       }
> +    }
> +
> +  return NULL;
>  }
>
> -static void
> -do_fold_info_calculation (rtx_insn *insn, fold_info_map *fold_info)
> +/* Order two insn_change objects by the program order of their insns.  */
> +
> +static bool
> +sort_changes (insn_change *a, insn_change *b)
>  {
> -  rtx mem, reg;
> -  HOST_WIDE_INT cur_offset;
> -  if (!get_fold_mem_root (insn, &mem, &reg, &cur_offset))
> -    return;
> +  return a->insn ()->compare_with (b->insn ()) < 0;
> +}
>
> -  fold_mem_info *info = new fold_mem_info;
> -  info->added_offset = fold_offsets (insn, reg, false, info->fold_insns);
> +/* qsort comparator that orders (regno, changes) pairs by ascending regno.  
> */
>
> -  fold_info->put (insn, info);
> +static int
> +sort_pairs (const void *p1, const void *p2)
> +{
> +  const std::pair<unsigned, auto_vec<insn_change*>*> *a
> +    = (const std::pair<unsigned, auto_vec<insn_change*>*> *)p1;
> +  const std::pair<unsigned, auto_vec<insn_change*>*> *b
> +    = (const std::pair<unsigned, auto_vec<insn_change*>*> *)p2;
> +
> +  if (a->first < b->first)
> +    return -1;
> +  if (a->first > b->first)
> +    return 1;
> +  return 0;
>  }
>
> -/* If INSN is a root memory instruction then compute a potentially new offset
> -   for it and test if the resulting instruction is valid.  */
> -static void
> -do_check_validity (rtx_insn *insn, fold_mem_info *info)
> +/* Find and return the last definition of INSN.  */
> +
> +static def_info *
> +get_last_def (insn_info *insn)
>  {
> -  rtx mem, reg;
> -  HOST_WIDE_INT cur_offset;
> -  if (!get_fold_mem_root (insn, &mem, &reg, &cur_offset))
> -    return;
> -
> -  HOST_WIDE_INT new_offset = cur_offset + info->added_offset;
> -
> -  /* Test if it is valid to change MEM's address offset to NEW_OFFSET.  */
> -  int icode = INSN_CODE (insn);
> -  INSN_CODE (insn) = -1;
> -  rtx mem_addr = XEXP (mem, 0);
> -  machine_mode addr_mode = GET_MODE (mem_addr);
> -  machine_mode mem_mode = GET_MODE (mem);
> -  if (new_offset != 0)
> -    XEXP (mem, 0) = gen_rtx_PLUS (addr_mode, reg,
> -                                  gen_int_mode (new_offset, addr_mode));
> -  else
> -    XEXP (mem, 0) = reg;
> +  for (def_info *def : insn->defs ())
> +    if (def->insn () == insn)
> +      return def;
>
> -  bool illegal = insn_invalid_p (insn, false)
> -                || !memory_address_addr_space_p (mem_mode, XEXP (mem, 0),
> -                                                 MEM_ADDR_SPACE (mem));
> +  return NULL;
> +}
>
> -  /* Restore the instruction.  */
> -  XEXP (mem, 0) = mem_addr;
> -  INSN_CODE (insn) = icode;
> +/* Move uses of DEF to the previous definition.  */
>
> -  if (illegal)
> -    bitmap_ior_into (&cannot_fold_insns, info->fold_insns);
> -  else
> -    bitmap_ior_into (&candidate_fold_insns, info->fold_insns);
> +static void
> +move_uses_to_prev_def (def_info *def)
> +{
> +  auto set = dyn_cast<set_info *> (def);
> +  while (set->first_use ())
> +    {
> +      auto prev_set = dyn_cast<set_info *> (def->prev_def ());
> +      if (!prev_set)
> +       break;
> +      crtl->ssa->reparent_use (set->first_use (), prev_set);
> +    }
>  }
>
> +/* Check if CHANGE exists in CHANGES.  */
> +
>  static bool
> -compute_validity_closure (fold_info_map *fold_info)
> +change_in_vec_p (const auto_vec<change_info *> &changes,
> +                const change_info &change)
>  {
> -  /* Let's say we have an arbitrary chain of foldable instructions xN = xN + 
> C
> -     and memory operations rN that use xN as shown below.  If folding x1 in 
> r1
> -     turns out to be invalid for whatever reason then it's also invalid to 
> fold
> -     any of the other xN into any rN.  That means that we need the transitive
> -     closure of validity to determine whether we can fold a xN instruction.
> -
> -     +--------------+    +-------------------+    +-------------------+
> -     | r1 = mem[x1] |    | r2 = mem[x1 + x2] |    | r3 = mem[x2 + x3] |   ...
> -     +--------------+    +-------------------+    +-------------------+
> -           ^                ^       ^                ^       ^
> -           |               /        |               /        |           ...
> -           |              /         |              /         |
> -     +-------------+      /   +-------------+      /   +-------------+
> -     | x1 = x1 + 1 |-----+    | x2 = x2 + 1 |-----+    | x3 = x3 + 1 |--- ...
> -     +-------------+          +-------------+          +-------------+
> -           ^                        ^                        ^
> -           |                        |                        |
> -          ...                      ...                      ...
> -  */
> -
> -  /* In general three iterations should be enough for most cases, but allow 
> up
> -     to five when -fexpensive-optimizations is used.  */
> -  int max_iters = 3 + 2 * flag_expensive_optimizations;
> -  for (int pass = 0; pass < max_iters; pass++)
> -    {
> -      bool made_changes = false;
> -      for (fold_info_map::iterator iter = fold_info->begin ();
> -          iter != fold_info->end (); ++iter)
> -       {
> -         fold_mem_info *info = (*iter).second;
> -         if (bitmap_intersect_p (&cannot_fold_insns, info->fold_insns))
> -           made_changes |= bitmap_ior_into (&cannot_fold_insns,
> -                                            info->fold_insns);
> -       }
> -
> -      if (!made_changes)
> -       return true;
> -    }
> +  for (const change_info *other_change : changes)
> +    if (other_change->change->insn () == change.change->insn ())
> +      return true;
>
>    return false;
>  }
>
> -/* If INSN is a root memory instruction that was affected by any folding
> -   then update its offset as necessary.  */
> +/* Cancel current changes, clear CHANGES vector and update REMOVED_REGNOS.  
> */
> +static void
> +cancel_changes_for_group (int change_index, bitmap removed_regnos,
> +                         unsigned regno, int *min_index)
> +{
> +  if (*min_index == -1 || change_index < *min_index)
> +    *min_index = change_index;
> +  bitmap_set_bit (removed_regnos, regno);
> +}
> +
> +/* Find the keys in CHANGES_MAP that need to be removed, based on
> +   CANCEL_MIN_INDEX and store them in KEYS_TO_REMOVE.  We do this by 
> iterating
> +   the entries of the map recalculating the minimum index, until reaching a
> +   fixed-point.  */
> +
>  static void
> -do_commit_offset (rtx_insn *insn, fold_mem_info *info)
> +find_keys_to_remove (const hash_map<int_hash<unsigned, -1U, -2U>,
> +                             auto_vec<change_info *>> &changes_map,
> +                    bitmap keys_to_remove,
> +                    int *cancel_min_index)
>  {
> -  rtx mem, reg;
> -  HOST_WIDE_INT cur_offset;
> -  if (!get_fold_mem_root (insn, &mem, &reg, &cur_offset))
> -    return;
> +  bool index_changed;
> +  do {
> +    index_changed = false;
> +    for (const auto &entry : changes_map)
> +      {
> +       int min_index = INT_MAX;
> +       bool cancelled_group = bitmap_bit_p (keys_to_remove, entry.first);
> +       for (change_info *change : entry.second)
> +         {
> +           int change_index = change->change_index;
> +           if (change_index < min_index)
> +             min_index = change_index;
> +
> +           if (!cancelled_group && change_index >= *cancel_min_index)
> +             {
> +               bitmap_set_bit (keys_to_remove, entry.first);
> +               cancelled_group = true;
> +             }
> +         }
> +
> +       if (cancelled_group && min_index < *cancel_min_index)
> +         {
> +           *cancel_min_index = min_index;
> +           index_changed = true;
> +           break;
> +         }
> +      }
> +  }
> +  while (index_changed);
> +}
>
> -  HOST_WIDE_INT new_offset = cur_offset + info->added_offset;
> +/* Free all change_info objects (and their inner insn_change) owned by
> +   CHANGES_INFO.  Used on early returns in update_insns before ownership
> +   is transferred to changes_map.  */
>
> -  if (new_offset == cur_offset)
> -    return;
> +static void
> +free_changes_info (auto_vec<change_info *> &changes_info)
> +{
> +  for (change_info *ci : changes_info)
> +    {
> +      delete ci->change;
> +      delete ci;
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +/* Update the memory offsets and constants in fold insns based on the 
> analysis
> +   done in fold_mem_offsets_1, using RTL SSA.  ATTEMPT is the attempt object
> +   for the current changes.  CHANGES_MAP holds the changes that are going
> +   to performed and is updated inside the function.  REMOVED_REGNOS holds the
> +   keys of the map that have been removed, in order to prevent new attempts
> +   on these.  */
> +static unsigned int
> +update_insns (fold_mem_info *info,
> +             obstack_watermark *attempt,
> +             hash_map<int_hash<unsigned, -1U, -2U>, auto_vec<change_info *>>
> +             *changes_map,
> +             bitmap removed_regnos,
> +             int *cancel_min_index)
> +{
> +  insn_info *insn = info->insn;
> +  unsigned int stats_fold_count = 0;
>
> -  gcc_assert (!bitmap_empty_p (info->fold_insns));
> +  auto_vec<change_info *> changes_info;
>
> -  if (bitmap_intersect_p (&cannot_fold_insns, info->fold_insns))
> -    return;
> +  insn_change *change = new insn_change (insn);
> +  change_info *change_inf = new change_info (change, num_validated_changes 
> ());
> +  int change_index = change_inf->change_index;
> +  changes_info.safe_push (change_inf);
> +
> +  if (info->fold_insns.is_empty ())
> +    {
> +      free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +      return stats_fold_count;
> +    }
> +
> +  const rtx_insn *last_fold_insn_rtl = info->fold_insns.last ()->rtl ();
> +  rtx last_set = single_set (last_fold_insn_rtl);
> +  if (!last_set)
> +    {
> +      free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +      return stats_fold_count;
> +    }
> +  unsigned regno_key = REGNO (SET_DEST (last_set));
> +  auto_vec<change_info *> *prev_changes = changes_map->get (regno_key);
> +
> +  /* Abort if changes for this key have been cancelled before.  */
> +  if (bitmap_bit_p (removed_regnos, regno_key))
> +    {
> +      cancel_changes_for_group (change_index, removed_regnos, regno_key,
> +                               cancel_min_index);
> +      free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +      return stats_fold_count;
> +    }
> +
> +  /* Keep a copy of insn_change elements only.  */
> +  auto_vec<insn_change *> changes (changes_info.length ());
> +  for (change_info *ci : changes_info)
> +    changes.quick_push (ci->change);
> +
> +  auto ignore = ignore_changing_insns (changes);
> +  if (!rtl_ssa::restrict_movement (*change, ignore))
> +    {
> +      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +       fprintf (dump_file, "Restrict movement: Cannot update INSN %u.\n",
> +                insn->uid ());
> +      cancel_changes_for_group (change_index, removed_regnos, regno_key,
> +                               cancel_min_index);
> +      free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +      return stats_fold_count;
> +    }
> +
> +  rtx new_insn = do_commit_offset (info);
> +  if (new_insn == NULL_RTX)
> +    {
> +      free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +      return stats_fold_count;
> +    }
> +
> +  rtx_insn *insn_rtl = info->insn->rtl ();
> +  validate_change (insn_rtl, &PATTERN (insn_rtl), PATTERN (new_insn), 1);
> +
> +  /* Check change validity and new instruction cost.  */
> +  if (!recog (*attempt, *change, ignore)
> +      || !changes_are_worthwhile (changes)
> +      || !crtl->ssa->verify_insn_changes (changes))
> +    {
> +      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +       fprintf (dump_file, "Recog/verify: Cannot update INSN %u.\n",
> +                insn->uid ());
> +      cancel_changes_for_group (change_index, removed_regnos, regno_key,
> +                               cancel_min_index);
> +      free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +      return stats_fold_count;
> +    }
>
>    if (dump_file)
> +    fprintf (dump_file, "INSN %u: Memory offset changed from "
> +        HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC " to " HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC ".\n",
> +        insn->uid (), info->offset, info->offset + info->added_offset);
> +
> +  while (!info->fold_insns.is_empty ())
>      {
> -      fprintf (dump_file, "Memory offset changed from "
> -              HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC " to " HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC
> -              " for instruction:\n", cur_offset, new_offset);
> -      print_rtl_single (dump_file, insn);
> +      insn_info *fold_insn = info->fold_insns.pop ();
> +      rtx_insn *fold_insn_rtl = fold_insn->rtl ();
> +
> +      rtx_insn *new_fold_insn = do_commit_insn (fold_insn, &changes_info);
> +      if (!new_fold_insn)
> +       continue;
> +
> +      change_info *last_change = changes_info.last ();
> +      changes.safe_push (last_change->change);
> +
> +      std::sort (changes.begin (), changes.end (), sort_changes);
> +
> +      auto ignore = ignore_changing_insns (changes);
> +      if (!rtl_ssa::restrict_movement (*last_change->change, ignore))
> +       {
> +         if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +           fprintf (dump_file, "Restrict movement: Cannot update INSN %u.\n",
> +                    fold_insn->uid ());
> +         cancel_changes_for_group (change_index, removed_regnos, regno_key,
> +                                   cancel_min_index);
> +         free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +         return 0;
> +       }
> +
> +      if (!changes_are_worthwhile (changes)
> +         || !crtl->ssa->verify_insn_changes (changes))
> +       {
> +         if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +           fprintf (dump_file, "Verify: Cannot update INSN %u.\n",
> +                    fold_insn->uid ());
> +         cancel_changes_for_group (change_index, removed_regnos, regno_key,
> +                                   cancel_min_index);
> +         free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +         return 0;
> +       }
> +
> +      if (last_change->change->is_deletion ())
> +       {
> +         /* Find last instruction's def.  */
> +         def_info *insn_def = get_last_def (last_change->change->insn ());
> +
> +         /* Move uses of deleted instruction to the previous def.  */
> +         move_uses_to_prev_def (insn_def);
> +       }
> +      else
> +       {
> +         last_change->change_index = num_validated_changes ();
> +         validate_change (fold_insn_rtl, &PATTERN (fold_insn_rtl),
> +                          PATTERN (new_fold_insn), 1);
> +         if (!recog (*attempt, *last_change->change, ignore))
> +           {
> +             if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +               fprintf (dump_file, "Recog: Cannot update INSN %u.\n",
> +                        fold_insn->uid ());
> +             cancel_changes_for_group (change_index, removed_regnos, 
> regno_key,
> +                                       cancel_min_index);
> +             free_changes_info (changes_info);
> +             return 0;
> +           }
> +       }
> +
> +      if (dump_file)
> +       {
> +         const int last_change_uid = last_change->change->insn ()->uid ();
> +         if (last_change->change->is_deletion ())
> +           fprintf (dump_file, "INSN %u: Marked for deletion.\n",
> +                    last_change_uid);
> +         else
> +           fprintf (dump_file, "INSN %u: Constant set to zero.\n",
> +                    last_change_uid);
> +       }
> +
> +      stats_fold_count++;
>      }
>
> -  machine_mode mode = GET_MODE (XEXP (mem, 0));
> -  if (new_offset != 0)
> -    XEXP (mem, 0) = gen_rtx_PLUS (mode, reg, gen_int_mode (new_offset, 
> mode));
> +  /* Add new changes to changes_map.  */
> +  if (prev_changes)
> +    {
> +      for (change_info *change : changes_info)
> +       if (!change_in_vec_p (*prev_changes, *change))
> +         prev_changes->safe_push (change);
> +    }
>    else
> -    XEXP (mem, 0) = reg;
> -  INSN_CODE (insn) = recog (PATTERN (insn), insn, 0);
> -  df_insn_rescan (insn);
> +    for (change_info *change : changes_info)
> +      {
> +       auto_vec<change_info *> &change_vect
> +         = changes_map->get_or_insert (regno_key);
> +
> +       if (!change_in_vec_p (change_vect, *change))
> +         change_vect.safe_push (change);
> +      }
> +
> +  return stats_fold_count;
>  }
>
> -/* If INSN is a move / add instruction that was folded then replace its
> -   constant part with zero.  */
> -static void
> -do_commit_insn (rtx_insn *insn)
> +/* Helper function for fold_mem_offsets.  Fold memory offsets by analysing 
> the
> +   DEF-USE chain.  If SINGLE_USE is true the DEFs will only have a single 
> use,
> +   otherwise they can have multiple uses.  */
> +static unsigned int
> +fold_mem_offsets_1 (bool single_use)
>  {
> -  if (bitmap_bit_p (&candidate_fold_insns, INSN_UID (insn))
> -      && !bitmap_bit_p (&cannot_fold_insns, INSN_UID (insn)))
> +  unsigned int stats_fold_count = 0;
> +
> +  /* This maps the instruction changes to the register number of the first
> +     fold_insn in the instruction sequence.  We use this so that we can
> +     group interdependent instructions.  In this way, we can restrict the
> +     change cancellation in a group only, if anything goes wrong.  */
> +  hash_map<int_hash<unsigned, -1U, -2U>, auto_vec<change_info *>> 
> changes_map;
> +
> +  auto attempt = crtl->ssa->new_change_attempt ();
> +  insn_change_watermark watermark;
> +
> +  /* Set of removed reg numbers (keys to changes_map).  If a change for a reg
> +     number has been cancelled, we need to invalidate any future changes.  */
> +  auto_bitmap removed_regnos;
> +
> +  int cancel_min_index = -1;
> +
> +  /* Iterate over all nondebug INSNs get our candidates and fold them.  */
> +  auto_vec<fold_mem_info *> worklist;
> +  for (auto insn : iterate_safely (crtl->ssa->nondebug_insns ()))
>      {
> -      if (dump_file)
> +      if (!insn->is_real () || !insn->can_be_optimized ())
> +       continue;
> +
> +      rtx mem, reg;
> +      HOST_WIDE_INT offset;
> +      if (!get_fold_mem_offset_root (insn, &mem, &reg, &offset))
> +       continue;
> +
> +      fold_mem_info *info = new fold_mem_info (insn, mem, reg, offset);
> +
> +      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
>         {
> -         fprintf (dump_file, "Instruction folded:");
> -         print_rtl_single (dump_file, insn);
> +         fprintf (dump_file, "Starting analysis from root: ");
> +         print_rtl_single (dump_file, info->insn->rtl ());
>         }
>
> -      stats_fold_count++;
> +      /* Walk DEF-chain and collect info.fold_insns and the resulting
> +        offset.  */
> +      if (!fold_offsets (info->insn, info->reg, &info->added_offset, info,
> +                        single_use)
> +         || info->added_offset == 0)
> +         continue;
>
> -      rtx set = single_set (insn);
> -      rtx dest = SET_DEST (set);
> -      rtx src = SET_SRC (set);
> +      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
> +       fprintf (dump_file,
> +                "Found root offset delta: " HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC "\n",
> +                info->added_offset);
>
> -      /* Emit a move and let subsequent passes eliminate it if possible.  */
> -      if (GET_CODE (src) == CONST_INT)
> +      if (single_use)
>         {
> -         /* INSN is R1 = C.
> -            Replace it with R1 = 0 because C was folded.  */
> -         rtx mov_rtx
> -           = gen_move_insn (dest, gen_int_mode (0, GET_MODE (dest)));
> -         df_insn_rescan (emit_insn_after (mov_rtx, insn));
> +         stats_fold_count += update_insns (info, &attempt, &changes_map,
> +                                           removed_regnos, 
> &cancel_min_index);
> +         delete info;
>         }
>        else
> +       /* Append candidate.  */
> +       worklist.safe_push (info);
> +    }
> +
> +  if (!single_use)
> +    {
> +      /* Now drop all fold_mem_infos, which contain INSNs that have unknown
> +        USEs and are therefore not safe to change.  */
> +      drop_unsafe_candidates (&worklist);
> +
> +      while (!worklist.is_empty ())
>         {
> -         /* INSN is R1 = R2 + C.
> -            Replace it with R1 = R2 because C was folded.  */
> -         rtx arg1 = XEXP (src, 0);
> +         fold_mem_info *info = worklist.pop ();
> +         stats_fold_count += update_insns (info, &attempt, &changes_map,
> +                                           removed_regnos, 
> &cancel_min_index);
> +         delete info;
> +       }
> +    }
>
> -         /* If the DEST == ARG1 then the move is a no-op.  */
> -         if (REGNO (dest) != REGNO (arg1))
> +  /* In case that instructions have been cancelled, remove related
> +     instructions from the map and find the minimum index to use in
> +     cancel_changes.  */
> +  if (cancel_min_index != -1)
> +    {
> +      find_keys_to_remove (changes_map, removed_regnos, &cancel_min_index);
> +
> +      bitmap_iterator bi;
> +      unsigned int key;
> +      EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_BITMAP (removed_regnos, 0, key, bi)
> +       {
> +         auto_vec<change_info *> *changes = changes_map.get (key);
> +         if (changes)
>             {
> -             gcc_checking_assert (GET_MODE (dest) == GET_MODE (arg1));
> -             rtx mov_rtx = gen_move_insn (dest, arg1);
> -             df_insn_rescan (emit_insn_after (mov_rtx, insn));
> +             for (change_info *change : *changes)
> +               {
> +                 if (dump_file)
> +                   fprintf (dump_file, "Change cancelled for insn %u.\n",
> +                            change->change->insn ()->uid ());
> +                 delete change->change;
> +                 delete change;
> +               }
>             }
> +         changes_map.remove (key);
>         }
>
> -      /* Delete the original move / add instruction.  */
> -      delete_insn (insn);
> +      cancel_changes (cancel_min_index);
>      }
> +
> +  if (cancel_min_index != 0)
> +    confirm_change_group ();
> +
> +  /* Copy the map into a vector and sort it for traversal.  */
> +  unsigned int map_entries_num = changes_map.elements ();
> +  auto_vec<std::pair<unsigned, auto_vec<insn_change *>*>> changes_pair_vec (
> +    map_entries_num);
> +
> +  for (auto entry : changes_map)
> +    {
> +      auto_vec<insn_change *> *changes_vec
> +        = new auto_vec<insn_change *> (entry.second.length ());
> +
> +      for (change_info *change : entry.second)
> +       changes_vec->quick_push (change->change);
> +
> +      std::pair<unsigned, auto_vec<insn_change *>*>
> +       pair (static_cast<unsigned>(entry.first), changes_vec);

Is there a reason why you use a std::pair rather than a named struct here?

> +      changes_pair_vec.quick_push (pair);
> +    }
> +
> +  changes_pair_vec.qsort (sort_pairs);
> +
> +  for (const auto &change_pair : changes_pair_vec)
> +    {
> +      auto_vec<insn_change *> &changes = *change_pair.second;
> +      unsigned int i, j;
> +      insn_change **it;
> +      /* Remove already deleted instructions from the vector.  */
> +      VEC_ORDERED_REMOVE_IF (changes, i, j, it,
> +                            (*it)->insn ()->has_been_deleted ());
> +      std::sort (changes.begin (), changes.end (), sort_changes);
> +      crtl->ssa->change_insns (changes);
> +
> +      for (insn_change *change : changes)
> +       delete change;
> +
> +      delete change_pair.second;
> +    }
> +
> +  /* Free the change_info wrappers for successful (non-cancelled) entries.
> +     Their inner insn_change has already been deleted above.  Cancelled
> +     entries were removed from changes_map and freed earlier.  */
> +  for (auto entry : changes_map)
> +    for (change_info *ci : entry.second)
> +      delete ci;
> +
> +  return stats_fold_count;
>  }
>
> -unsigned int
> -pass_fold_mem_offsets::execute (function *fn)
> +/* Main function of fold-mem-offsets pass.  */
> +static unsigned int
> +fold_mem_offsets (function *fn)
>  {
> +  bool multi_use_mode = true;
> +
>    /* Computing UD/DU chains for flow graphs which have a high connectivity
>       will take a long time and is unlikely to be particularly useful.
>
> @@ -861,63 +1285,74 @@ pass_fold_mem_offsets::execute (function *fn)
>                "fold-mem-offsets: %d basic blocks and %d edges/basic block",
>                n_basic_blocks_for_fn (cfun),
>                n_edges_for_fn (cfun) / n_basic_blocks_for_fn (cfun));
> -      return 0;
> +      multi_use_mode = false;
>      }
>
> -  df_set_flags (DF_EQ_NOTES + DF_RD_PRUNE_DEAD_DEFS + DF_DEFER_INSN_RESCAN);
> -  df_chain_add_problem (DF_UD_CHAIN + DF_DU_CHAIN);
> +  /* Initialize RTL SSA.  */
> +  calculate_dominance_info (CDI_DOMINATORS);
>    df_analyze ();
> +  crtl->ssa = new rtl_ssa::function_info (cfun);
>
> -  bitmap_initialize (&can_fold_insns, NULL);
> -  bitmap_initialize (&candidate_fold_insns, NULL);
> -  bitmap_initialize (&cannot_fold_insns, NULL);
> +  /* The number of instructions that were simplified or eliminated.  */
> +  int stats_fold_count = 0;
>
> -  stats_fold_count = 0;
> +  /* Fold mem offsets with DEFs that have a single USE.  */
> +  stats_fold_count += fold_mem_offsets_1 (true);
>
> -  basic_block bb;
> -  rtx_insn *insn;
> -  FOR_ALL_BB_FN (bb, fn)
> +  /* Fold mem offsets with DEFs that have multiple USEs.  */
> +  if (multi_use_mode || flag_expensive_optimizations)
>      {
> -      fold_info_map fold_info;
> -
> -      bitmap_clear (&can_fold_insns);
> -      bitmap_clear (&candidate_fold_insns);
> -      bitmap_clear (&cannot_fold_insns);
> +      if (dump_file)
> +       fprintf (dump_file, "Starting multi-use analysis\n");
> +      stats_fold_count += fold_mem_offsets_1 (false);
> +    }
>
> -      FOR_BB_INSNS (bb, insn)
> -       do_analysis (insn);
> +  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Number of folded instructions",
> +                           stats_fold_count);
>
> -      FOR_BB_INSNS (bb, insn)
> -       do_fold_info_calculation (insn, &fold_info);
> +  free_dominance_info (CDI_DOMINATORS);
> +  if (crtl->ssa->perform_pending_updates ())
> +    cleanup_cfg (0);
>
> -      FOR_BB_INSNS (bb, insn)
> -       if (fold_mem_info **info = fold_info.get (insn))
> -         do_check_validity (insn, *info);
> +  delete crtl->ssa;
> +  crtl->ssa = nullptr;
>
> -      if (compute_validity_closure (&fold_info))
> -       {
> -         FOR_BB_INSNS (bb, insn)
> -           if (fold_mem_info **info = fold_info.get (insn))
> -             do_commit_offset (insn, *info);
> +  return 0;
> +}
>
> -         FOR_BB_INSNS (bb, insn)
> -           do_commit_insn (insn);
> -       }
> +namespace {
>
> -      for (fold_info_map::iterator iter = fold_info.begin ();
> -          iter != fold_info.end (); ++iter)
> -       delete (*iter).second;
> -    }
> +const pass_data pass_data_fold_mem =
> +{
> +  RTL_PASS, /* type */
> +  "fold_mem_offsets", /* name */
> +  OPTGROUP_NONE, /* optinfo_flags */
> +  TV_FOLD_MEM_OFFSETS, /* tv_id */
> +  0, /* properties_required */
> +  0, /* properties_provided */
> +  0, /* properties_destroyed */
> +  0, /* todo_flags_start */
> +  TODO_df_finish, /* todo_flags_finish */
> +};
>
> -  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Number of folded instructions",
> -                           stats_fold_count);
> +class pass_fold_mem_offsets : public rtl_opt_pass
> +{
> +public:
> +  pass_fold_mem_offsets (gcc::context *ctxt)
> +    : rtl_opt_pass (pass_data_fold_mem, ctxt)
> +  {}
>
> -  bitmap_release (&can_fold_insns);
> -  bitmap_release (&candidate_fold_insns);
> -  bitmap_release (&cannot_fold_insns);
> +  /* opt_pass methods: */
> +  bool gate (function *) final override
> +    {
> +      return flag_fold_mem_offsets && optimize >= 2;
> +    }
>
> -  return 0;
> -}
> +  unsigned int execute (function *fn) final override
> +    {
> +      return fold_mem_offsets (fn);
> +    }
> +}; // class pass_fold_mem_offsets
>
>  } // anon namespace
>
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.C 
> b/gcc/testsuite/g++.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.C
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..5788e2aba3cb
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.C
> @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
> +/* { dg-do compile } */
> +/* { dg-options "-O2 -ffold-mem-offsets" } */
> +
> +typedef int a(void *);
> +a b;
> +
> +struct e {
> +  typedef struct d f;
> +};
> +
> +template <typename, typename g = e, typename = typename g::f> struct h;
> +
> +template <typename i, typename g> struct h<i, g, int> {
> +  i &operator[](unsigned);
> +};
> +
> +template <typename i, typename g> i &h<i, g, int>::operator[](unsigned j) {
> +  i *k = reinterpret_cast<i *>(1);
> +  return k[j];
> +}
> +
> +template <typename i> struct h<i> {
> +  i &operator[](unsigned j) { return l[j]; }
> +  h<i, e, int> l;
> +};
> +
> +struct m {
> +  typedef int aa;
> +};
> +
> +template <typename ac, ac> struct n : m { static bool ad(ac); };
> +
> +template <typename ac, ac o> bool n<ac, o>::ad(ac j) {
> +  return j == o;
> +}
> +
> +template <typename ai> class F {
> +  typedef typename ai::aa aa;
> +
> +public:
> +  F(bool);
> +  void an() {
> +    bool ba;
> +    a r;
> +    aa *p;
> +    do {
> +      aa q = *p;
> +      ba = ai::ad(q);
> +      if (ba)
> +        ;
> +      else {
> +        int bj = ai::ao(q);
> +        aq(bj);
> +      }
> +      p++;
> +    } while (r);
> +  }
> +  void aq(unsigned);
> +};
> +
> +enum bk {};
> +
> +struct s {
> +  int bn;
> +  bk bo;
> +  int *bv;
> +};
> +
> +h<s> bp;
> +
> +struct t : n<int, 0> {
> +  static unsigned ao(int);
> +};
> +
> +unsigned t::ao(int j) {
> +  s *c = &bp[j];
> +  return b(c->bv) ^ c->bo;
> +}
> +
> +void fn3() {
> +  F<t> bs(5);
> +  bs.an();
> +}
> +
> +/* Check for updated memory offsets.  */
> +/* { dg-final { scan-assembler "ldr\t.*, \[.*, 5\]" } } */
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.c 
> b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..c69e7dc176fa
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/fold-mem-offsets.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
> +/* { dg-do compile } */
> +/* { dg-options "-O2 -ffold-mem-offsets" } */
> +
> +struct a {
> +  struct a *b;
> +  int *d;
> +  int c;
> +  long ad[];
> +} e, g;
> +
> +int f;
> +long h;
> +void i() {
> +  h = g.ad[f] & e.ad[f];
> +}
> +
> +/* Check for updated memory offsets.  */
> +/* { dg-final { scan-assembler "ldr\t.*, \[.*, 64\]" } } */
> +/* { dg-final { scan-assembler "ldr\t.*, \[.*, 40\]" } } */
> --
> 2.52.0
>
> base-commit: 943f6542f449d7226bbe49e9d8b4a3d559007197
> branch: kelefth/gcc-414-v4

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