Will move the function, thanks.

As for the DR situation, let's see what the discussion you started will lead 
to. I will adjust the patch accordingly once there is a conclusion - please 
loop me in. 

My personal opinion is that this should have always been in std::expected and 
was simply missed by the committee back then, hence can be viewed as a defect. 
Having that said i also can't disagree that this technically is a new API.

Fwiw libc++ did merge it as a DR so we are in a bit of an awkward situation 
now. Nothing is set in stone so let's discuss and see.

Regards,
Alex

> On 23 Jun 2026, at 18:48, Jonathan Wakely <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> On Tue, 23 Jun 2026 at 17:54, Alex Kremer <[email protected]> wrote:
>> 
>> This PR attempts to implement P3798 (The unexpected in std::expected).
> 
> Thanks!
> 
>> LEWG recommended this as DR for C++23
>> (https://github.com/cplusplus/papers/issues/2403, see poll).
> 
> I'm unconvinced this should be a DR, I've started some discussions about it.
> 
>> Implementation in libc++ is merged here: 
>> https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/204826
>> 
>> Please advise on any documentation, tests and/or other changes that are 
>> needed to successfully land this change.
>> 
>> Thanks,
>> Alex
>> ---
>> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def          |  5 +++--
>> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h            |  4 ++--
>> libstdc++-v3/include/std/expected              |  6 ++++++
>> .../testsuite/20_util/expected/observers.cc    | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
>> .../testsuite/20_util/expected/synopsis.cc     |  2 +-
>> .../testsuite/20_util/expected/version.cc      |  4 ++--
>> 6 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
>> 
>> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def 
>> b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
>> index 40baefab4e4..d54f331d9f2 100644
>> --- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
>> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
>> @@ -1594,9 +1594,10 @@ ftms = {
>> 
>> ftms = {
>>   name = expected;
>> +  // 202606 P3798R1 The unexpected in std::expected
>>   values = {
>> -    v = 202211;
>> -    cxxmin = 23;
>> +    v = 202606;
>> +    cxxmin = 23; // P3798R1 is C++29 but is accepted as DR for C++23
>>     extra_cond = "__cpp_concepts >= 202002L";
>>   };
>> };
>> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h 
>> b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
>> index de1d71fa935..fe79f448938 100644
>> --- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
>> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
>> @@ -1743,9 +1743,9 @@
>> 
>> #if !defined(__cpp_lib_expected)
>> # if (__cplusplus >= 202100L) && (__cpp_concepts >= 202002L)
>> -#  define __glibcxx_expected 202211L
>> +#  define __glibcxx_expected 202606L
>> #  if defined(__glibcxx_want_all) || defined(__glibcxx_want_expected)
>> -#   define __cpp_lib_expected 202211L
>> +#   define __cpp_lib_expected 202606L
>> #  endif
>> # endif
>> #endif /* !defined(__cpp_lib_expected) */
>> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/expected 
>> b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/expected
>> index fe4e1ecbf0e..7f8d0d37501 100644
>> --- a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/expected
>> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/expected
>> @@ -855,6 +855,9 @@ namespace __expected
>>        _GLIBCXX_THROW_OR_ABORT(bad_expected_access<_Er>(std::move(_M_unex)));
>>       }
>> 
>> +      [[nodiscard]]
>> +      constexpr bool has_error() const noexcept { return !has_value(); }
>> +
> 
> I think I'd prefer to have this new function immediately after
> has_value(), as shown in the wording in P3798R1.
> 
>>       constexpr const _Er&
>>       error() const & noexcept
>>       {
>> @@ -1642,6 +1645,9 @@ namespace __expected
>>        _GLIBCXX_THROW_OR_ABORT(bad_expected_access<_Er>(std::move(_M_unex)));
>>       }
>> 
>> +      [[nodiscard]]
>> +      constexpr bool has_error() const noexcept { return !has_value(); }
>> +
>>       constexpr const _Er&
>>       error() const & noexcept
>>       {
>> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/observers.cc 
>> b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/observers.cc
>> index 31aaca352ae..84bce2eca52 100644
>> --- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/observers.cc
>> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/observers.cc
>> @@ -59,6 +59,22 @@ test_has_value()
>>   return true;
>> }
>> 
>> +constexpr bool
>> +test_has_error()
>> +{
>> +  std::expected<int, int> e;
>> +  VERIFY( ! e.has_error() );
>> +  e = std::unexpected(1);
>> +  VERIFY( e.has_error() );
>> +
>> +  std::expected<void, int> v;
>> +  VERIFY( ! v.has_error() );
>> +  v = std::unexpected(1);
>> +  VERIFY( v.has_error() );
>> +
>> +  return true;
>> +}
>> +
>> constexpr bool
>> test_value()
>> {
>> @@ -222,6 +238,8 @@ int main()
>>   test_star();
>>   static_assert( test_has_value() );
>>   test_has_value();
>> +  static_assert( test_has_error() );
>> +  test_has_error();
>>   static_assert( test_value() );
>>   test_value();
>> #if __cpp_lib_constexpr_exceptions >= 202502L
>> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/synopsis.cc 
>> b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/synopsis.cc
>> index a0d2d5bea22..8866af7887f 100644
>> --- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/synopsis.cc
>> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/synopsis.cc
>> @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
>> 
>> #ifndef __cpp_lib_expected
>> # error "Feature-test macro for expected missing in <expected>"
>> -#elif __cpp_lib_expected != 202211L
>> +#elif __cpp_lib_expected != 202606L
>> # error "Feature-test macro for expected has wrong value in <expected>"
>> #endif
>> 
>> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/version.cc 
>> b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/version.cc
>> index 17c7fe4a5d6..f9b3011727f 100644
>> --- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/version.cc
>> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/expected/version.cc
>> @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
>> 
>> #ifndef __cpp_lib_expected
>> # error "Feature-test macro for expected missing in <version>"
>> -#elif __cpp_lib_expected != 202211L
>> +#elif __cpp_lib_expected != 202606L
>> # error "Feature-test macro for expected has wrong value in <version>"
>> #endif
>> 
>> @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
>> 
>> #ifndef __cpp_lib_expected
>> # error "Feature-test macro for expected missing in <expected>"
>> -#elif __cpp_lib_expected != 202211L
>> +#elif __cpp_lib_expected != 202606L
>> # error "Feature-test macro for expected has wrong value in <expected>"
>> #endif
>> 
>> --
>> 2.51.0
>> 
> 

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