I think I found explanation, the -fpeel-loops trigger some extra flags:
from "toplev.c":
/* web and rename-registers help when run after loop unrolling. */
if (flag_web == AUTODETECT_VALUE)
flag_web = flag_unroll_loops || flag_peel_loops;
if (flag_rename_registers == AUTODETECT_VALUE)
flag_rename_registers = flag_unroll_loops || flag_peel_loops;
actually its -frename-registers that causes the code size to decrease.
This flags seems to be set when enable -fpeel-loops.
Maybe this flag could be enabled in -Os, shouldn't have any downside besides
makes possibly debugging harder?
Thanks/Fredrik
________________________________________
From: Richard Biener [[email protected]]
Sent: Friday, August 14, 2015 09:28
To: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Subject: Re: About loop unrolling and optimize for size
On Thu, Aug 13, 2015 at 6:26 PM, [email protected]
<[email protected]> wrote:
> Hi
> I'm using an ARM thumb cross compiler for embedded systems and always do
> optimize for small size with -Os.
>
> Though I've experimented with optimization flags, and loop unrolling.
>
> Normally loop unrolling is always bad for size, code is duplicated and size
> increases.
>
> Though I discovered that in some special cases where the number of iteration
> is very small, eg a loop of 2-3 times,
> in this case an unrolling could make code size smaller - eg. losen up
> registers used for index in loops etc.
>
> Example when I use the flag "-fpeel-loops" together with -Os I will 99% of
> the cases get smaller code size for ARM thumb target.
>
> Some my question is how unrolling works with -Os, is it always totally
> disabled,
> or are there some cases when it could be tested, eg. with small number
> iterations, so loop can be eliminated?
>
> Could eg. "-fpeel-loops" be enabled by default for -Os perhaps? Now its only
> enabled for -O2 and above I think.
Complete peeling is already enabled with -Os, it is just restricted to
those cases where GCCs cost modeling of the
unrolling operation determines the code size shrinks. If you enable
-fpeel-loops then the cost model allows the
code size to grow - sth not (always) intended with -Os.
The solution is of course to improve the cost modeling and GCCs idea
of followup optimization opportunities.
I do have some incomplete patches to improve that and hope to get back
to it for GCC 6.
If you have (small) testcases that show code size improvements with
-Os -fpeel-loops over -Os and you are
confident they are caused by unrolling please open a bugzilla containing them.
Thanks,
Richard.
> Thanks and Best Regards
> Fredrik
