rane 06/01/07 23:29:20 Added: xml/htdocs/doc/en liveusb.xml Log: #118179, Gentoo LiveUSB installation HOWTO
Revision Changes Path 1.1 xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml file : http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&cvsroot=gentoo plain: http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/plain&cvsroot=gentoo Index: liveusb.xml =================================================================== <?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml,v 1.1 2006/01/07 23:29:20 rane Exp $ --> <guide link="/doc/en/liveusb.xml"> <title>Gentoo Linux LiveUSB HOWTO</title> <author title="Author"> <mail link="[EMAIL PROTECTED]">Henrik Brix Andersen</mail> </author> <abstract> This HOWTO explains how to create a Gentoo Linux LiveUSB or, in other words, how to emulate a Gentoo Linux Installation CD using an USB flash drive. </abstract> <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> <license/> <version>1.0</version> <date>2006-01-04</date> <chapter> <title>Introduction</title> <section> <title>The LiveUSB</title> <body> <p> This HOWTO explains how to create a <e>Gentoo Linux LiveUSB</e> or, in other words, how to emulate a Gentoo Linux Installation CD using an USB flash drive. This is particularly useful for installing Gentoo Linux on a modern laptop with no CD-ROM drive. </p> <p> Although the instructions found in this document aims at emulating a Gentoo Linux Installation CD using an USB flash drive, they should work for any arbitrary block device as long as you adjust the device names accordingly. </p> </body> </section> <section> <title>Prerequisites</title> <body> <p> In order to use a Gentoo Linux LiveUSB you need the following: </p> <ul> <li>Bootable USB flash drive (at least 64MB)</li> <li>x86 computer with support for booting from USB</li> </ul> <p> You will also need access to the following for creating the LiveUSB: </p> <ul> <li> A computer running Gentoo Linux (or alternatively another Linux distribution) </li> </ul> </body> </section> </chapter> <chapter> <title>Preparing the USB flash drive</title> <section> <title>Partitioning the drive</title> <body> <warn> These instructions will erase all data from the USB flash drive. Make sure to backup your data first. </warn> <impo> This HOWTO assumes that the <path>/dev/sda</path> device node corresponds to your USB flash drive. If you have other SCSI-like devices make sure to use the correct device node. </impo> <p> Create a FAT32 partition on your USB flash drive and mark it bootable using <c>fdisk</c>. An example partitioning scheme can be seen below: </p> <pre caption="Example partitioning scheme"> # <i>fdisk -l /dev/sda</i> Disk /dev/sda: 1048 MB, 1048313856 bytes 33 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1017 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2013 * 512 = 1030656 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 1017 1023580 b W95 FAT32 </pre> </body> </section> <section> <title>Creating the filesystem</title> <body> <p> Create a FAT32 filesystem on the USB flash drive using <c>mkdosfs</c>: </p> <pre caption="Running mkdosfs"> <comment>(Make sure you have sys-fs/dosfstools installed)</comment> # <i>emerge -av sys-fs/dosfstools</i> # <i>mkdosfs -F 32 /dev/sda1</i> mkdosfs 2.11 (12 Mar 2005) </pre> </body> </section> <section> <title>Installing a Master Boot Record</title> <body> <p> Install the precompiled Master Boot Record (MBR) from <c>syslinux</c> on the USB flash drive: </p> <pre caption="Installing a master boot record"> <comment>(Make sure you have sys-boot/syslinux-3.00 or later installed)</comment> # <i>emerge -av '>=sys-boot/syslinux-3*'</i> # <i>dd if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda</i> 0+1 records in 0+1 records out </pre> </body> </section> </chapter> <chapter> <title>Copying the files</title> <section> <title>Mounting the Gentoo Linux Installation CD</title> <body> <p> Download the <path>install-x86-minimal-2005.1-r1.iso</path> file from your local Gentoo Linux <uri link="/main/en/where.xml">mirror</uri> site and mount the ISO image on <path>/mnt/cdrom/</path> as shown below: </p> <pre caption="Mounting the Gentoo Linux Installation CD ISO image"> <comment>(Create the /mnt/cdrom/ mount point if needed)</comment> # <i>mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom</i> # <i>mount -o loop,ro -t iso9660 install-x86-minimal-2005.1-r1.iso /mnt/cdrom/</i> </pre> </body> </section> <section> <title>Mounting the LiveUSB</title> <body> <p> Mount the newly formatted USB flash drive on <path>/mnt/usb/</path> as shown below: </p> <pre caption="Mounting the USB flash drive"> <comment>(Create the /mnt/usb/ mount point if needed)</comment> # <i>mkdir -p /mnt/usb</i> # <i>mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/usb/</i> </pre> </body> </section> <section> <title>Copying the files</title> <body> <p> Copy the files from the Gentoo Linux Installation CD to the LiveUSB. The files needs to be reordered a bit as we will be using the <c>syslinux</c> bootloader instead of <c>isolinux</c>: </p> <pre caption="Copying the files"> # <i>cp -r /mnt/cdrom/* /mnt/usb/</i> # <i>mv /mnt/usb/isolinux/* /mnt/usb/</i> # <i>mv /mnt/usb/isolinux.cfg /mnt/usb/syslinux.cfg</i> # <i>rm -rf /mnt/usb/isolinux*</i> <comment>(The memtest86 kernel needs to be renamed for loading it via syslinux)</comment> # <i>mv /mnt/usb/memtest86 /mnt/usb/memtest</i> </pre> <p> You can now unmount the ISO image: </p> <pre caption="Unmounting the ISO image"> # <i>umount /mnt/cdrom/</i> </pre> </body> </section> <section> <title>Adjusting the bootloader configuration</title> <body> <p> Adjust the syslinux configuration file using <c>sed</c> as shown below. The <c>scandelay=10</c> parameter will introduce a 10 seconds delay before attempting to mount the filesystem. This is needed to allow the USB flash drive to settle upon detection. </p> <pre caption="Adjusting the boot parameters"> # <i>sed -i \ -e "s:cdroot:cdroot scandelay=10:" \ -e "s:kernel memtest86:kernel memtest:" \ /mnt/usb/syslinux.cfg</i> </pre> <note> Consider adding <c>docache</c> to the boot parameters. This will allow running <c>umount /mnt/cdrom/</c> after booting so that you can unplug the USB flash drive. </note> </body> </section> </chapter> <chapter> <title>Installing a bootloader</title> <section> <title>Unmounting the drive</title> <body> <p> Make sure you unmount the USB flash drive drive before installing the bootloader: </p> <pre caption="Unmounting the USB flash drive"> # <i>umount /mnt/usb/</i> </pre> </body> </section> <section> <title>Installing syslinux</title> <body> <p> Finally install the <c>syslinux</c> bootloader on the USB flash drive: </p> <pre caption="Running syslinux"> # <i>syslinux /dev/sda1</i> </pre> <impo> You will need to rerun <c>syslinux /dev/sda1</c> each time you modify the <path>syslinux.cfg</path> file for the configuration changes to take affect. </impo> </body> </section> </chapter> <chapter> <title>Using the LiveUSB</title> <section> <title>Booting</title> <body> <p> Insert the USB flash drive and turn on the computer, making sure the BIOS is set to boot from USB. If all goes well you should be presented with a standard syslinux prompt. </p> <p> You should be able to follow the generic installation instructions found in the <uri link="/doc/en/handbook/">Gentoo Handbook</uri> from here on. </p> </body> </section> </chapter> </guide> -- [email protected] mailing list
