Hi list and bccs Thankfully additional information on SRM interaction with atmospheric anomalies was provided to me by a member, who chose to remain anonymous. It's pasted verbatim below my signature.
Interestingly, in the course of compiling this, I've tried to discover the origin of water in the Stratosphere. People seem to disagree on whether methane or the troposphere is the larger source, but the best explanation I had suggested that the ratio is probably fairly even, but varies quite a lot. I'd be interested to hear feedback on these issues. A -------- Large meteorite airbusts (eg Tunguska) Search Toon OB. Almost certainly produced a lot of NOx, since shockwave would have been >Mach 6 Northern lights Probably way too high to do much to the stratosphere, except maybe at centre of winter polar vortex. Big effects in mesosphere. Solar storms / coronal mass ejection impact See previous answer. Tropopause folding events Very important, much work done in last 50 years. E F Danielsen, J Atmos Sci (1968) is seminal and instructive. See also WMO Global Research and Ozone Monitoring Report No. 16, Chapter 5 (1986). Much recent work by NCAR and Mainz groups in J Geophys Res – Atmospheres and in Atmos Chem Phys. The OH hole over the pacific Need a lot more observations to confirm the reality. Super-large wildfires (which apparently have plumes which affect the stratosphere) Search pyrocumulus and SAGE 3 for satellite data and CRYSTAL-FACE 2004 for aircraft data, authors E Ray + K H Rosenlof + EC Richard especially. Nuclear detonations P Goldsmith et al., Nature 244, 545-551 (1973), “Nitrogen oxides, nuclear weapon testing, Concorde and stratospheric ozone” is a good place to start. The history can be traced through the papers that cite it, right up to last month by some Russians, who have a long history in this field. Space rocket exhaust Ross, MN et al., 2000, Observation of stratospheric ozone depletion associated with Delta II rocket emissions, Geophys Res Lett 27, 2209-2212. Here's some feedback on other stuff that's not strictly anomalies, as I meant it, but is still good content : > 1) What's not on your list yet is the tendency of increased stratospheric carbon dioxide to provide a positive feedback effect on ozone, especially in the upper stratosphere, via the negative temperature dependence of the O+O2+M->O3+M reaction that is the sole source of stratospheric ozone. Known about since Groves, Mattingly & Tuck, Nature, 273, 711-715 [1978] and 280, 127-129 [1979] and elaborated upon by GCM modellers from the 1990s onwards. > > 2) The uncertainties surrounding the chemical composition and physical structure of aerosols are great, and given the nonlinear interactions between radiation, composition and dynamics that has to be the main concern. We simply don't have adequate predictive capability at present. Another thing that's missing is nitrous oxide from agriculture. First raised by M B McElroy in the 1970s, most recently modelled by A R Ravishankara et al. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "geoengineering" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/geoengineering. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
