http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL071941/abstract
Aerosol-driven increase in Arctic sea ice over the middle of the 20th Century† <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL071941/abstract#grl55550-note-0001> Authors - Marie-Ève Gagné, - <[email protected]> - <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-3072> 1. - <[email protected]> <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Marie%E2%80%90%C3%88ve%20Gagn%C3%A9%22> - John C. Fyfe, 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22John%20C.%20Fyfe%22> - Nathan P. Gillett, - <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2957-0002> 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Nathan%20P.%20Gillett%22> - Igor V. Polyakov, 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Igor%20V.%20Polyakov%22> - Gregory M. Flato - <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9811-3067> 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Gregory%20M.%20Flato%22> - Accepted manuscript online:23 February 2017 - doi: 10.1002/2016GL071941 Abstract Updated observational datasets without climatological infilling show that there was an increase in sea ice concentration in the Eastern Arctic between 1950 and 1975, contrary to earlier climatology in-filled observational datasets that show weak inter-annual variations during that time period. We here present climate model simulations showing that this observed sea ice concentration increase was primarily a consequence of cooling induced by increasing anthropogenic aerosols and natural forcing. Indeed, sulphur dioxide emissions, which lead to the formation of sulphate aerosols, peaked around 1980 causing a sharp increase in the burden of sulphate between the 1950s and 1970s; but since 1980, the burden has dropped. Our climate model simulations show that the cooling contribution of aerosols offset the warming effect of increasing greenhouse gases over the mid-twentieth century resulting in the expansion of the Arctic sea ice cover. These results challenge the perception that Arctic sea ice extent was unperturbed by human influence until the 1970s, suggesting instead that it exhibited earlier forced multi-decadal variations, with implications for our understanding of impacts and adaptation in human and natural Arctic systems -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "geoengineering" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/geoengineering. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
