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On 14/08/2019 02:11, Andrew Lockley wrote:
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018JD029815
A Process Study on Thinning of Arctic Winter Cirrus Clouds With
High‐Resolution ICON‐ART Simulations
Simon Gruber Ulrich Blahak Florian Haenel Christoph Kottmeier Thomas
Leisner … See all authors
First published: 22 April 2019
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029815
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Abstract
In this study, cloud‐resolving simulations of a case study for a
limited area of the hibernal Arctic were performed with the
atmospheric modeling system ICON‐ART (ICOsahedral
Nonhydrostatic‐Aerosol and Reactive Trace gases). A thorough
comparison with data both from satellite as well as aircraft
measurement is presented to validate the simulations. In addition, the
model is applied to clarify the microphysical processes occurring when
introducing artificial aerosol particles into the upper troposphere
with the aim of modifying cirrus clouds in the framework of climate
engineering. Former modeling studies investigating the climate effect
of this method were performed with simplifying assumptions and much
coarser resolution, reaching partly contradicting conclusions
concerning the method's effectiveness. The primary effect of seeding
is found to be a reduction of ice crystal number concentrations in
cirrus clouds, leading to increased outgoing longwave radiative fluxes
at the top of the atmosphere, thereby creating a cooling effect.
Furthermore, a secondary effect is found, as ice crystals formed from
the injected seeding aerosol particles lead to enhanced riming of
cloud droplets within the planetary boundary layer. This effectively
reduces the coverage of mixed‐phase clouds, thus generating additional
cooling by increased upward longwave radiative fluxes at the surface.
The efficacy of seeding cirrus clouds proves to be relatively
independent from the atmospheric background conditions, scales with
the number concentrations of seeding particles, and is highest for
large aerosol particles.
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