https://portal.research.lu.se/portal/en/publications/the-emergent-politics-of-geoengineering(5db25b16-0faf-47f9-87a8-e90b88c7c2a9).html

The Emergent Politics of Geoengineering

THESIS › DOCTORAL THESIS (COMPILATION)

   - Overview
   
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   - Cite
   
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   - BibTeX
   
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Abstract
This thesis examines the role of science in the earliest stages of the
political process. It does this by studying the emergence of
‘geoengineering’ on the political agenda. The term describes a set of ideas
on how to stabilize global temperature by intervening into the Earth’s
natural systems, and was subject to a strong taboo in the scientific
community until the mid-2000s. Yet within a decade, it has become relevant
to international climate politics. To understand how this transition took
place, the thesis uses mixed methods to study the causal mechanisms by
which geoengineering became an object of governance. Paper I describes the
internal dynamics of a scientific community that helped transform
geoengineering into a distinct, salient and malleable governance object. It
explains how social cohesion, brokerage and diversity acted as important
mechanisms in this process. Paper II studies the role of authoritative
scientific assessments in making geoengineering a normal and relevant topic
for research. It shows how such assessments act as a form of de facto
governance in shaping the activities of a research landscape. Paper III
identifies similarities and differences in the way that different sub-areas
of climate change policy are governed. It suggests that, if a problem
structure is perceived to be malign, this makes it less conducive to public
governance. Conversely, if a problem structure comes to be perceived as
more benign, this facilitates public governance. Paper IV examines the role
of problem definition and ‘institutional fit’, evaluating how
geoengineering matches with the expectations of government actors. It
discusses three areas where such fit is lacking, and how this makes it
difficult for government officials to form a political position on
geoengineering. The results of this study flow into the description of a
pattern that seems to be important at many different stages of the
opinion-shaping process. This pattern includes the introduction of a topic
to a new audience; the audience’s heated debate around this topic; the
intervention of an actor with authority; and the streamlining of the
audience’s debate according to the authoritative actor’s judgement. Found
at many different levels of the political process, the pattern may explain
why some topics become subject to political decision making, and others do
not.

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