https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2515-7620/ac4f5d

Review of possible very high-altitude platforms for stratospheric aerosol
injection

Wake Smith, Umang Bhattarai, Donald C Bingaman, James L Mace and Christian
V Rice


Abstract

Economically efficient injection of aerosols into the stratosphere for the
purpose of deflecting incoming sunlight and managing the Earth's energy
budget would require high-altitude deployment platforms. Studies suggest
that high-altitude injection at 25 km would substantially enhance the
forcing efficacy of the aerosols compared to injections at 20 km. While
platforms capable of lofting and releasing aerosols up to an altitude of 20
km have been explored in other studies, similar studies assessing the
feasibility of deployment platforms at an altitude of 25 km seem to be
lacking. No existing aircraft is suitable for this purpose. In this paper,
we review five possible concepts for deployment at 25 km and conclude that
all of them would multiply costs, complexity, and operational risk
substantially relative to deployment at 20 km.

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